风湿性心脏病的营养膳食该注意些什么问题

2025-01-23 03:46:30
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  有益心脏健康七点建议:

  1. 豆类有益于心血管系统:多种蛋白质食物与心血管疾病(CVD)危险性显著下降有关。选择多种蛋白质食品是最理想的,如瘦肉、大豆、坚果、禽肉和鱼。研究发现,每日25g大豆蛋白可以降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。膳食中含有其它豆类也是有益的,因为它们是可溶性纤维的丰富来源。

  2. 多吃鱼:鱼中的ω-3脂肪酸的确可以降低CVD的危险性,因此2000年美国心脏协会膳食指南建议,每周至少应食用2次鱼(尤其是含油的鱼)。ω-3脂肪酸存在于鲭鱼、湖虹鳟、鲱鱼、沙丁鱼、长鳍金枪鱼和鲑鱼中。由特殊饲料喂养的鸡所产的蛋含有ω-3脂肪酸,这种鸡蛋也是ω-3脂肪酸的一种来源,其它来源包括大豆、亚麻籽、菜籽油、橄榄油和许多坚果以及种籽等。

  3. 多吃蔬菜和水果:在预防CVD方面,最重要的可能是:维生素A(或其前体β-胡萝卜素)、维生素C、维生素E、各种植物性化学物质(包括类黄酮物质以及含硫化合物——如蒜素)、钾以及膳食纤维。 富含β-胡萝卜素的食物包括:胡萝卜、南瓜、山药、桃、杏、菠菜和椰菜。维生素C的良好来源包括胡椒、绿叶蔬菜、椰菜、西红柿、马铃薯、草莓、橙子、柚子和其它桔类水果,维生素E的最好来源是鳄梨、植物油、麦芽和坚果。

  4. 减少盐摄入:钠摄入与血压直接相关,高血压是CVD和脑卒中的主要危险因素, 因此建议,每天盐的摄入量应限制在5g以下,这不仅是外加的盐, 也包括酱油、咸菜等。

  5. 有益于心脏健康的B族维生素:同型半胱氨酸是体内蛋白质分解的天然产物,其血液中水平的升高与心脏和血管疾病危险性增加有关。研究发现,叶酸、维生素B6和B12共同使用可以降低血液同型半胱氨酸水平,因此在每日膳食中增加这些维生素很有意义。

  为了增加这类B族维生素的摄入,可以大量食用多种蔬菜、水果和豆类,适量食用禽肉、鱼和牛肉。茶(包括绿茶和红茶)也是类黄酮物质的有效来源,

  6. 体力活动:专家建议,为了有益于心脏健康,在每周的多数日子里,一天至少进行30分钟的中等强度的体力活动。

  7. 戒烟:吸烟是CVD和脑卒中的主要危险因素,据WHO报道,戒烟1年后冠心病的危险性下降50%。

回答2:

保持一个乐观健康的心态最重要!!!

回答3:

豆类有益于心血管系统:多种蛋白质食物与心血管疾病(CVD)危险性显著下降有关。选择多种蛋白质食品是最理想的,如瘦肉、大豆、坚果、禽肉和鱼。研究发现,每日25g大豆蛋白可以降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。膳食中含有其它豆类也是有益的,因为它们是可溶性纤维的丰富来源。

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