换热器分类

2025-02-15 05:46:50
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

       换热器的分类及其特点

       换热器是以两种流体之间用来传递热量为基本目的的一种装置,又常常被称为热交换器。换热器的应用十分广泛,它是化工、炼油、动力、原子能、轻工、食品、制药和机械制造等一些行业的通用设备。换热器有很多分类,所以下面一起来看下换热器的分类及特点吧!


       1.浮头式换热器:其优点为,消除温差应力,可以在高温高压下工作,一般的温度小于等于450℃,压力一般小于等于6.4兆帕;换热器的管束可以抽出来清洗,可以用于容易结垢或是管程容易腐蚀的场合。它的缺点是结构复杂,小浮头容易发生内漏。金属材料消耗大成本比普通的换热器高

       2.列管式换热器:其优点为造价便宜,结构简单紧凑。其缺点为管束不可清洗,管壁与壳壁之间存在较大的温差应力。

       3.U型管换热器:其优点是管束可以自由伸缩,管壳之间没有热应力,管程是双管程,流程长,换热效果好,承压能力强,结构简单,造价便宜,管束可以从壳体内部抽出,便于检修。其缺点为管内清洗不变,管束中间的管子难以更换,管子分布不紧凑,壳程流体容易短路造成换热不便,管子容易弯曲,所以直管区域需要较厚的管子,使用场所受限,该换热器只限于壳程温差较大,或高温、高压、腐蚀性强的场所。

       4.沉浸蛇形换热器:其优点结构简单,便于安装和维修,便于防腐,承压高。缺点为设备笨重,耗材大。

       5.喷淋式蛇管换热器:其优点为换热效率比沉浸式的要好,传热面积大,检修清洗方便。缺点为喷淋不均匀,常用于管内流体的冷却。多设置在室外空气流通处。

6.套管式换热器:其优点为传热面积大,换热效率高。缺点为检修和清洗麻烦,可拆链接处容易造成渗漏。

7.螺旋板式换热器:其优点传热效率好,运行可行性强,阻力小。缺点为焊接质量要求高,运行可靠性强,阻力小。缺点为对于焊接质量要求高,检修困难,重量大,钢性差,安装难度大。

       8.具有补偿圈的换热器:其优点为补偿圈或膨胀节可消除热应力,外壳和管束不同时,补偿圈容易发生形变,拉伸或压缩来适应外壳和管束的不同膨胀结构,适用于两种流体的温差不大于70℃,壳体压强不超多600kpa

       9.热管式换热器:其优点为传热效率高结构紧凑,耐腐蚀,环境适应性强。

      10.夹套换热器:其优点为结构简单便于运输,缺点是传热面积小,传热系数低。

      11.板翅式换热器:结构紧凑轻巧,传热系数高,适用性强。缺点为制造工艺复杂,易堵塞,不耐酸碱,检修困难。

此外,像气体冷却塔、蓄热室、浴室温水加热、蓄能式换热器也属于换热器

回答2:

1、管式换热器:固定管板管式换热器、浮头管式换热器、管箱管式换热器、浮动盘管式管式换热器等(
2、板式换热器:等截面、不等截面板式换热器、宽通道板式换热器、窄通道板式换热器、钎焊式板式换热器(部分属于压力容器)
3、螺旋板式换热器:可拆式螺旋板式换热器和不可拆式螺旋板式换热器
4、空气换热器(也叫空冷器)
5、容积式换热器
6、管板式换热器

回答3:

换热器是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备,又称热交换器。换热器是化工、石油、食品及其它许多工业部门的通用设备,在生产中占有重要地位。在化工生产中换热器可作为加热器、冷却器、冷凝器等,应用更加广泛。换热器种类很多,但根据冷、热流体热量交换的原理和方式基本上可分三大类即:间壁式、混合式和蓄热式。沈阳热力设备制造总厂设计所专业生产设计换热器,有问题可以随时咨询。

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