推荐回答(5个)
1、冬季气温不同
寒带气候图与高原山地气候图最主要的差异是冬季气温。寒带气候的冬季气温远低于高原山地气候。
2、气候带所在地区不同
高原山地气候在中纬度地区的高原地区,如青藏高原,安第斯山脉等地区,由于海拔较高,终年低温,形成了高原山地气候。寒带气候它地处高纬度地区,是各类寒冷气候的总称。欧亚大陆、北美大陆北部和南极洲地区是这种气候的典型。
3、特征不同
高原山地气候图的特点最重要的有两个:“地形高”和“气温冷”,高大山地,气温随高度增高而降低,气候垂直变化显著,在一定高度内,湿度大、多雾、降水多;愈向山地上部,风力愈强。寒带气候图则是全年寒冷,尤其是冰原地区,几乎全年都被冰雪覆盖。
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扩展资料
高原山地气候气候特点
1、大气压力按指数律随海拔高度增加而降低。在晴空条件下,无雪盖的高山白天太阳直接辐射强度和夜间有效辐射强度随高度增加而增大。因坡向不同,阳坡和阴坡得到的太阳辐射不同,并因此影响气温和气流的分布。
2、气温随海拔高度增加而降低。一般气温垂直递减率在一年中以夏季最大,冬季最小。山脉走向和坡向对气温的影响主要表现在使山脉两侧的气温产生差异,并导致不同的气候现象。阳坡气温高,变化大,阴坡气温低,变化小。
山顶和山坡的气温日较差和年较差相对较小,而且有秋温高于春温的现象,山谷和山间盆地的气温日较差和年较差相对较大,而且有春温高于秋温的现象。
3、降水量和降水日数随山地海拔高度增加而增加。在一定高度以上的山地,由于气流中水汽含量减少,降水量又随高度增加而减少。降水量达到最大值的高度称为最大降水高度。坡向对降雨的影响表现为迎风坡雨量多于背风坡。
特别是高大山脉两侧,雨量的巨大差异造成植被景观的很大变化。例如,北美西海岸科迪勒拉山系中南部处于温带西风带,迎风的西侧为森林景观,而背风的东侧为荒漠或半荒漠景观。山地地形也影响降雨量的日变化。一般山脉顶部以日雨为多,而山谷盆地则以夜雨为主。
4、风速随山地海拔升高而增大。山顶、山脊以及峡谷风口处风速大,盆地、谷底和背风处风速小。高山上风速一般夜间大,白天小,午后最小,而山麓、山谷则相反。山地还能产生一些局地环流,如山谷风、布拉风、焚风、坡风、冰川风等。
5、在湿度(水汽压和相对湿度)方面,水气压随海拔高度增加而降低。在多数情况下,山地上部因气温低、云雾多,相对湿度高于下部,但冬季高山区也有相反情况,山顶冬季云雾较少而相对湿度小。山谷和盆地相对湿度日变化大,夜高而昼低,午后最低。山顶相对湿度日变化一般很小。
参考资料来源:百度百科—高原山地气候
参考资料来源:百度百科—寒带气候
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如上图,北半球苔原气候图。从图中可以看出,该地最热月的平均气温在6°C左右,最冷月平均气温低于-40°C,一年中3个月的平均气温高于0°C,年降水量也很少。
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如图,这是青藏高原地区的五道梁气候图。从图中可以看出该地最热月平均气温在6--8°C,最冷月平均气温大约-18°C,年降水量也比较少。
由此可见,寒带气候与高原山地气候最主要的差异是冬季气温。寒带气候的冬季气温远低于高原山地气候。
你说的是图?很好判断的。
寒带气候是在高纬度地区
高原山地在 高原地区
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