求函数f(x)=∫[0,x^2](2-t)*e^(-t)dt的极值和最值,x∈(-∞,+∞)
推荐回答(4个)
f(x)=(x^2-1)e^(-x^2),这是个偶函数,当x->无穷时趋于零。
f'(x)=2xe^(-x^2)(2-x^2)=0, 解为x=0,-√2或√2。
在x轴的右半部分,x在[0,√2]f'(x)>=0所以f(x)在这个区间单调增,在[√2,正无穷]f'(x)<=0,所以f(x)单调减,考虑到f(x)是偶函数, f(0)=-1是极小值,也是最小值。f(-√2)=f(√2)=e^(-2)是极大值,也是最大值。
简介
极值是变分法的一个基本概念。泛函在容许函数的一定范围内取得的最大值或最小值,分别称为极大值或极小值,统称为极值。使泛函达到极值的变元函数称为极值函数,若它为一元函数,通常称为极值曲线。极值也称为相对极值或局部极值。
极值是“极大值” 和 “极小值”的统称。如果函数在某点的 值大于或等于在该点附近任何其他 点的函数值,则称函数在该点的值 为函数的“极大值”。如果函数在某 点的值小于或等于在该点附近任何 其他点的函数值,则称函数在该点 的值为函数的“极小值”。
f(x)=(x^2-1)e^(-x^2),这是个偶函数,当x->无穷时趋于零。
f'(x)=2xe^(-x^2)(2-x^2)=0, 解为x=0,-√2或√2
在x轴的右半部分,x在[0,√2]f'(x)>=0所以f(x)在这个区间单调增,在[√2,正无穷]f'(x)<=0,所以f(x)单调减,考虑到f(x)是偶函数, f(0)=-1是极小值,也是最小值。f(-√2)=f(√2)=e^(-2)是极大值,也是最大值
ƒ(x) = ∫[0→x²] (2 - t)e^(- t) dt
ƒ'(x) = 2x(2 - x²)e^(- x²)
令ƒ'(x) = 0
x = 0、x = √2、x = - √2
ƒ''(x) = 2(2x⁴ - 7x² + 2)e^(- x²)
ƒ''(0) = 4 > 0、取得极小值
ƒ''(√2) = - 8/e² < 0、取得极大值
ƒ''(- √2) = - 8/e² < 0、取得极大值
极小值是ƒ(0) = 0
极大值是ƒ(± √2) = ∫[0→√2] (2 - t)e^(- t) dt = 1 + (√2 - 1)e^(- √2) ≈ 1.1007
由于没有给定ƒ(x)的范围,所以:
最小值 = 极小值
最大值 = 极大值
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