推荐回答(4个)
一、 精解字词,储备足量的文言知识
逐字落实文言文课文中的每一个字的意义和用途,务必准确无误。因为只有积累了一定量的文言字词,才可能顺利地阅读文言文。
二、 巧记巧学。让文言文学习的轻松愉快
成语,是颇有生命力的古代词语的遗存,借助成语学习文言文,将古代和现代的词语沟通起来,使得文言文知识不那么枯燥,也不那么吓人,变得易记而浅显;还能够一石而二鸟,文言文和成语的学习同时经行。相得益彰。这是个轻便而俏皮的巧学方法。比如。【张】如果理解成语“账目结舌”中“张”是“睁开,睁大”意,就不难记住课文《童趣》中“张目结对日”中“张”的“睁开,睁大”意义。
字形,尤其古文字字形,比如甲骨文、金文、篆文,都隐藏着汉字的意义密码。探员其本字的古代写法,一眼就能洞察其意义,这样,即印象深刻有妙趣横生。这是个直观而形象的巧学方法。例如。【于】小篆字形()像两手相与之形。由此可见“予”本义:授予。给予,给。
三、 归纳拓展,由“闻一”而“知十”
掌握了文言文的规律,就等于拿到了打开文言文知识的钥匙。文言文学习总是有章可循的,见到“陈胜者,阳城人也”,归纳为“者……也”判断句,进而归纳“乃、必、即、皆”等+谓语判断句;见到“吾谁与归”,归纳得出“疑问句中代词作宾语,宾语前置”的规律;见到“僵卧孤村不自哀”,归钠得出“否定句中代词作宾语,宾语前置”的规律;见到“何陋只有”“唯利是图”,归纳得出“之是褆宾”的规律;……
这样,在课本上学的是“一个”,而你收获的却是“一类”,学起文言文来就游刃有余了。
四、知识迁移,由课堂延伸到考场
把每一篇文言文课文都当成考场上的文言文阅读的材料,或设置题目作答,或比对已考过的的考题,即深入理解了课文,又从中培养语感,培养知识迁移能力和考场的应变能力。
方法很简单,只许你坚持就行,那就是多找些文言史书来读即可。如,史记,资治通鉴或者名家的一些作如 古文观止 等。
我高中语文文言文是学得最好的。按照我自己的个人观点来看,一开始看文言文是很无聊的,但真的……看多了就不会觉得无聊了。多看文言文的,特别是史记等考试文言文出处的书……
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