白蛇传是什么朝代的故事,历史上有没有许仙其人??

2025-01-22 07:53:44
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

《白蛇传》故事雏形是发生在唐代后期的济源县,因法海是那一时期的济源人。当时的西湖面积很大,但却异常荒凉。湖东一桥因年久失修而坍塌,形成断桥。荒凉的地方多有妖魔出入,因西湖水是由珠、龙二河和南、北两条漭河汇聚而成的。民间迷信把“漭”说成是“蟒”,也就是长虫、大蛇。济源有个民俗就是在漭河桥下挂宝剑以示蟒不过剑,以剑斩蟒控制洪水不能泛滥。由此看来在济源人心目中已将漭河认作是一条大蟒。故事中所说的白蛇、青蛇实际上就是两条漭河的化身。

唐朝时期济源道教盛望,被誉为“天下第一洞天”,三里一庵,五里一观。佛教进入中原后发展势头大增,为抢占地盘传播佛教文化,伺机侵占“道教名山王屋山”。两教斗争相当激烈,佛教发展势头很快,在济源不大的地盘上先后建立了以大明寺为代表的商山寺、香岩寺、普救寺、盘谷寺、龙潭寺、普宁寺、弥陀寺、石榴寺等等一大批佛教寺院。使济源本来就显拥挤的道观庙堂更加林立,道观寺院、庙宇庵堂、私塾书院林林总总星罗棋布。道、佛、儒三教相互串插形成鼎立而居的局面。

<白蛇传》的故事实际上就是在这个时候发生的,也是两教相争的一个神话传说。说的是许村郎中(医生)许仙偶遇佛教高僧法海,说其面带妖气,必是被妖魔缠身。此妖乃是蛇妖,故事以此展开,究其原因是许仙从西湖断桥经过,遇到两名女子,雨天赠伞。法海故弄玄虚说是荒凉之地大雨滂沱 ,良家女子必定不敢出入。定是西湖之中那两条千年大蟒化做人形将其迷惑,现已妖魔缠身,必须尽快除掉,不然将命丧黄泉。(法海说的两条千年大蟒暗指两条蟒河,因道教在济源的主神是济渎神,水又是清虚大帝所主宰,法海此意旨在诋毁道教。)法海为了给许仙降妖除魔,令其五月端午之日用雄黄药酒将白蛇灌醉,让其显露真身,以示法海魔法无边、道力高强。谁知许仙生性胆小见后昏死过去。白蛇不记前嫌对其情真意切,不顾身怀有孕攀山蹬崖到王屋山中采集灵芝救其性命。许仙醒后不念旧情在法海的鼓惑之下,又到金山寺出家为僧。企图彻底割断情缘脱离红尘,使白蛇再次陷入困境之中。决意与青蛇一起和法海一决雌雄的白蛇,利用西湖之水蟹兵虾将水漫金山,逼其交出许仙再图百年之好。
戏曲《白蛇传》唱响了中国大地,戏剧中的白娘子和许仙的爱情故事,多少年来一直被人们所传颂。

小青的执侠仗义、忠心不二的性格,体现了我国传统的“忠义”思想。法海的所作所为被世人所唾骂,特别是香港影视界推出的《新白娘子传奇》更是走红一阵,特别受青少年朋友的爱戴。为这一美丽的神话传说又赋予了新的活力。故事究竟源于何处,现在似乎早有定论,但经过考证,它的发源地应在河南省济源市的西湖村。

众所周知《白蛇传》的故事是在西湖畔边发生的,河南济源市也有一个叫“西湖”的地方。为什么叫“ 西湖”。据考证,此地古时为一湖泊,东至现在的水东村,西至东、西马头村(古为码头),北至水运,南至孟县境界。水域辽阔可行船渡舟,是济源小有河、南北漭河、珠河、龙河的汇集地,故称西湖(因在河内府之西)。从西湖流出的河称为济水(古称济渎),是与黄河、淮河、长江齐名的四渎之一。

济水上游有一个重要的河流为龙河,它的发源地在龙潭。龙潭不大,但清澈见底,泉眼如水桶,潭内数十个,长年喷涌,甚是壮观,故称龙潭。龙潭旁有佛寺一座,名曰:龙潭寺,寺内有舍利砖塔,虽现已败落,但依稀可见当年风姿。

西湖的上游还有一条绕城而过的外来水源,就是由山西流经济源的漭河。此水的源头在山西省,到济源城分为两股,绕城而过,当地人称南漭河和北漭河。西湖南边不远处有一座“金山寺”,始建于唐之前,多次被淹,多次重建。西湖村东边有“桥头村”,是古时断桥的桥头遗址。在距西湖不远处有一村庄,叫做许村,乃许姓人家居住的村庄,也就是许仙的故居。济源人称医生为“先生”,用方言就叫xian(先儿,音:仙),所以称姓许的医生为许先生、许先儿(与许仙同音)。法海俗姓裴,是唐相裴休之子。裴休乃唐河内济源人,一生好施向善,焚香拜佛,对佛教情有独钟,其子年幼时被送往金山寺出家,法名法海,是一位得道的高僧。裴休的墓冢和家园现分为裴村和休昌两村,此县志有载。

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