金字塔的介绍（英文版）

Pyramids are distributed in Egypt and the Americas, including upper Egypt, 

middle Egypt and lower Egypt in ancient Egypt, present-day Sudan and Egypt. 

There are about 80 pyramids scattered in the lower reaches of the Nile. Among them.

The largest one is the Houf Pyramid, which is 146.5 meters high and 230 meters long at the bottom.

It is made of 2.3 million stone blocks with an average area of 2.5 tons each, covering 52,000 square meters.

译文：

金字塔在埃及和美洲等地均有分布，古埃及的上埃及、中埃及和下埃及，今苏丹和埃及境内。现在的尼罗河下游，散布着约80座金字塔遗迹。 大小不一，其中最高大的是胡夫金字塔，高146.5米，底长230米，共用230万块平均每块2.5吨的石块砌成，占地52000平方公尺。

扩展资料：

胡夫金字塔：

胡夫金字塔建于公元前2675年，是第四王朝第二位法老胡夫的坟墓；建造大金字塔花费了20多万人；占地13英亩，由230万块重达2.5吨的石头建造而成。原高度146.59米。1889年在巴黎建造300米高的埃菲尔铁塔之前，它是世界上最高的建筑，但由于它的年代久远，塔顶已经风化了。

端部剥离10米，现高136.5米，底座每侧230米长，三角形角度51度，塔楼建筑面积52.9万平方米。

参考资料来源：百度百科-金字塔

参考资料来源：人民网-高清：世界文化遗产——埃及金字塔

The ancient Egyptians built pyramids as tombs for the pharaohs and their queens. The pharaohs were buried in pyramids of many different shapes and sizes from before the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom.
There are about eighty pyramids known today from ancient Egypt. The three largest and best-preserved of these were built at Giza at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. The most well-known of these pyramids was built for the pharaoh Khufu. It is known as the 'Great Pyramid'.
The pharaoh Khufu, like the pharaohs before him, began planning his 'house of eternity' as soon as he took the throne. A spot was chosen for building on the west bank of the Nile. Cemeteries were usually built on the west bank because the sun 'died' on the western horizon every night

Khufu's architects were wise and experienced men. They knew the importance of building the pharaoh's final resting place so that its sides faced directly north, south, east and west.
They planned a large pyramid- the largest one ever built in ancient Egypt. The outlines of the pyramid were measured and marked in the desert sand.
Then the building began. Large blocks of stone were cut from quarries nearby. They were dragged by groups of men across the desert to the site of the pyramid and set in place. Most of the workers were farmers who worked on building the pyramid during the flood season when their fields were under water.
After the first level of blocks was in place, the workers built ramps of mudbrick, limestone chips and clay. The workers dragged the large stones up the ramps to build the next level of the pyramid.
For about 20 years, hundreds of men worked on building the pyramid. As they built each level, they also built up the ramps around the pyramid.
When the pyramid was almost finished, a special block covered in shining metal (either gold or electrum) was placed on the top of the pyramid.
Then, blocks of white limestone from quarries across the Nile were used to cover the pyramid. The blocks were trimmed to make the outside of the pyramid smooth.

Finally, the pyramid was finished.
Khufu's pyramid was only part of the complex built for him at Giza.
This complex had many different parts:

Three pyramids for Khufu's queens.
Several deep pits containing boats that had been buried.
A mortuary temple where Khufu would be worshipped after he died.
A causeway leading from the pyramid complex down to the valley temple.
A valley temple where the pharaoh's funeral would begin.
A small 'satellite' pyramid.
The mastaba tombs of nobles.
To find out more about the pyramid complex, see 'Explore'.

The ancient Egyptians built pyramids as tombs for the pharaohs and their queens. The pharaohs were buried in pyramids of many different shapes and sizes from before the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom.
There are about eighty pyramids known today from ancient Egypt. The three largest and best-preserved of these were built at Giza at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. The most well-known of these pyramids was built for the pharaoh Khufu. It is known as the 'Great Pyramid'.
The pharaoh Khufu, like the pharaohs before him, began planning his 'house of eternity' as soon as he took the throne. A spot was chosen for building on the west bank of the Nile. Cemeteries were usually built on the west bank because the sun 'died' on the western horizon every night

Khufu's architects were wise and experienced men. They knew the importance of building the pharaoh's final resting place so that its sides faced directly north, south, east and west.
They planned a large pyramid- the largest one ever built in ancient Egypt. The outlines of the pyramid were measured and marked in the desert sand.
Then the building began. Large blocks of stone were cut from quarries nearby. They were dragged by groups of men across the desert to the site of the pyramid and set in place. Most of the workers were farmers who worked on building the pyramid during the flood season when their fields were under water.
After the first level of blocks was i ...…

A pyramid is any three-dimensional structure where the upper surfaces are triangular and converge on one point. The base of pyramids are usually quadrilateral or trilateral but generally it can be any polygon shape), meaning that a pyramid usually has three or four sides but theoretically there is no limit to the number of sides a pyramid can generally have lots more sides. But all pyramids must have trilateral sides. The measurements of these triangles uniformly classify the shape as isosceles and sometimes equilateral.

A pyramid's design, with the majority of the weight closer to the ground, means that less material higher up on the pyramid will be pushing down from above. This allowed early civilizations to create stable monumental structures. For thousands of years, the largest structures on Earth were pyramids: first the Red Pyramid in the Dashur Necropolis and then the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the only remaining Wonder of the World.

The most famous pyramids are the Egyptian pyramids — huge structures built of brick or stone, some of which are among the world's largest constructions. The age of the pyramids reached its zenith at Giza in 2575-2150 B.C.[6] As of 2008, some 135 pyramids have been discovered in Egypt.[7][8] The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest in Egypt and one of the largest in the world. Until Lincoln Cathedral was finished in AD 1311, it was the tallest building in the world. The base is over 52,600 square meters in area. While pyramids are associated with Egypt, the nation of Sudan has 220 extant pyramids, the most numerous in the world.[9]

The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It is the only one to survive into modern times. The Ancient Egyptians covered the faces of pyramids with polished white limestone, containing great quantities of fossilized seashells.[10] Many of the facing stones have fallen or have been removed and used to build the mosques of Cairo.

Most pyramids are located near Cairo, with only one royal pyramid being located south of Cairo, at the Abydos temple complex. The pyramid at Abydos, Egypt were commissioned by Ahmose I who founded the 18th Dynasty and the New Kingdom.[11]

The building of pyramids began in the 3rd Dynasty with the reign of King Djoser. Early kings such as Snefru built several pyramids, with subsequent kings adding to the number of pyramids until the end of the Middle Kingdom. The last king to build royal pyramids was Ahmose, with later kings, afraid of looting, deciding to hide their tombs in the hills, like in the Valley of the Kings in Luxor's West Bank.[11]

In Medinat Habu, or Deir el-Medina, smaller pyramids were built by individuals. Smaller pyramids were also built by the Nubians who ruled Egypt in the Late Period, though their pyramids had steeper sides