茄子播种到移植到挂果需要多长时间

2025-01-21 18:56:20
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

北方地区茄子的开花结果期6月份至8月份
茄子生育周期如下。
茄子从播种到收获,其间可分为发芽期、幼苗期、开花期、坐果期和结果期。
(1)发芽期。从种子发芽到第一片真叶叶心为发芽期。茄子发芽速度慢,发芽时间长,从播种到第一片真叶吐心,一般需要15—20天。
(2)幼苗期。从第一片真叶吐心到现蕾为幼苗期。幼苗于3—4片真叶时开始花芽分化。花芽分化之前,幼儿以营养生长为主,生长量根小;从花芽分化开始转入生殖生长和营养生长并进阶段。这一阶段幼苗生长量大,到7-8片真叶时,四门斗花芽已经分化。因此,幼苗移植应在花芽分化前进行,以扩大营养面积,保证以后迅速生长和花芽正常分化。
(3)开花坐果期。从现蕾到果实坐住为开花坐果期。一般需8—12天。这一时期处于营养生长为主向生殖生长为主的过渡阶段,若营养生长占优势,果实生长量就很小,并推迟采收期。因此应适当控制水分,促进果实发育。
(4)结果期。从门茄“瞪眼”到拉秧为结果期。门茄瞪眼后以细胞增大为主,花果的干物质产量超过茎叶,果实生长占优势,此时容易发生果实对茎叶和下层果实的抑制作用。因此,门茄瞪眼后应加强服水管理,保证茎叶的持续生长和果实膨大。对茄和四门斗结果时期是植物生长盛期,此时更要加强水肥管理,以防早衰。茄子从瞪眼到商品成熟需13—14天,从商品成熟到种子成熟还需30天。

回答2:

1.播种
茄果类的育苗基本相同,育苗的方式都是采用温室、温床或阳畦育苗。但茄子催芽比较困难,对温度的要求较高,播种前用55-60℃的温水烫种,边倒边搅拌,温度下降到20℃左右时停止搅动,浸泡一昼夜捞出,搓掉种子上的粘液,再用清水冲洗干净,并放在25-30℃的地方催芽,催芽期间应维持85%的环境湿度,有30%-500%种子露白即可播种。播种时,苗床先用温水洒透,然后将种子均匀撒到床内,覆细土0.8- 1cm厚。播后立即扣上拱棚,夜晚加盖草苫保温,出苗前白天床温保持在26-28℃,夜晚20℃左右,约4-5天即可出苗50%-60%,出苗后及时降温,白天25℃左右,夜晚15-17℃,阴天可稍低些。

2.分苗
当幼苗有2~3片真叶时,可以分苗。分苗主要是分到阳畦或塑料拱棚中。床土要肥沃,尤其要保持一定量的速效性氮肥。另外,分苗单株要保留一定数量的营养面积,以10cm×10cm为宜。分苗后要立即覆盖塑料拱棚,夜晚必须加盖草苫封严,并保持一定的高温(达20-25℃)。缓苗后,开始通风降温,白天25℃,夜晚15℃,特别要注意防止晴天中午高温“烧苗”。如果苗床肥力不足,要结合浇水进行追肥。苗床板结可用小齿耙松土,定植前10天通风炼苗,但也要防止冻害,壮苗标准以苗高16-23cm,叶片5~7叶,茎粗0.5-0。7cm为宜。

3.定植
(1)定植前的准备
闷棚消毒:每立方米温室或棚室,用硫磺粉4克,加80%敌敌畏0.1克和锯沫8克,混匀后点燃,密封温室或大棚24小时,然后开口放大风。
整地施肥:亩施优质农家肥5000千克,粪土混匀耙平,并按55厘米行距开10-15厘米深的定植沟。亩施磷酸二铵20千克,硫酸钾30千克,施肥后覆土5厘米(要躲开滴水线)。
(2)定植:以25-30厘米株距摆苗(注意避免苗坨破碎引起的缓苗慢),随后在沟内浇足定植水,渗后培土成垄。第二天覆膜,用1.0-1.2米宽地膜,一次扣两垄,拉成与垄同长,然后用刀片在每个植株位置划成纵口,将苗从口中引出,最后拉紧地膜,用土压严,封好定植口。
(3) 定植后管理
水肥:定植后3-4天浇一次缓苗水,缓苗后开始蹲苗,到门茄瞪眼时(13天左右)开始暗沟灌水,地温达到18℃后,明暗沟均可灌水,但要注意放风排湿。门茄瞪眼时,亩追施尿素10-15千克或磷酸二铵10千克,每隔20天追一次。也可用大民"绿兴"或"云大120"根外追肥。
整枝打叶:采用双干整枝。门茄形成后,剪去两个向外的侧枝,只留两个向上的双干。一般到第7个果摘心,以促进果实早熟。门茄瞪眼时打掉基部3片叶,以后随着植株生长,逐渐打掉底层叶,利于群体通风透光。

4.采收

以萼片与果实连接处无白色环带时采收,早熟品种开花20-25天后就可采收。

来源:易种网,www.ieseed.com

回答3:

早熟品种开花20-25天后就可采收。

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