推荐回答(2个)
一、《夜书所见》古诗拼音版
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yè shū suǒ jiàn
夜 书 所 见
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sòng yè shào wēng
宋 叶 绍 翁
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xiāo xiāo wú yè sòng hán shēng ,jiāng shàng qiū fēng dòng kè qíng 。
萧 萧 梧 叶 送 寒 声 , 江 上 秋 风 动 客 情。
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zhī yǒu ér tóng tiāo cù zhī , yè shēn lí luò yī dēng míng 。
知 有 儿 童 挑 促 织 , 夜 深 篱 落 一 灯 明。
二、译文
瑟瑟的秋风吹动梧桐树叶,送来阵阵寒意,江上吹来秋风,使出门在外的我不禁思念起自己的家乡。
家中几个小孩还在兴致勃勃地斗蟋蟀呢!夜深人静了还亮着灯不肯睡眠。
三、赏析
《夜书所见》中的“见”是一个古今字,但在本文中是看见,所见的意思。所以在这里应读“jiàn”。全诗的理解应为:(题目)在孤寂夜里写写所思念的景象。(诗句)萧萧秋风吹动梧叶,送来阵阵寒意,客游在外的诗人不禁思念起自己的家乡。最记挂是自己疼爱的孩子,此时可能还在兴致勃勃地斗蟋蟀,夜深人静了还不肯睡眠。
本诗交织作者的凄情暖意、欢怀挂心。表现古诗《夜书所见》唯美性,可从九方面赏析。
1、借景抒情,以景入情。一二两句写自然环境,落木萧萧,寒声阵阵,秋风秋江,传达漂泊不定、凄怆落寞之感;引发后两句书写的思忆之情,思念家中小儿此时可能还在挑灯夜戏,挑逗斗蟀。孤独之时幻想天伦之情,萧索之景催发想念嬉耍之乐。以景入情,情景交融,相互映衬,构思神妙。
2、动静结合,以动衬静。秋叶、秋风、秋声、秋江、秋舟、孤灯、顽童、斗蟀,均是写动景,动得有声有色、有光有影;篱落小屋,幽深夜晚,漆黑无边,这是写静景,静得凄神寒骨,令人惆怅满怀。那落叶片片,萧萧风声,却又引动诗人在幽静的深秋半夜挂念家中亲人思绪。
3、悲欢交织,以欢掩悲。一二句写悲景,秋风扫落叶,长天送寒意;三四句叙欢情,深夜挑促织,异地思欢情。一悲一喜,悲喜交潜,以欢掩悲,更显游子流浪天涯的孤寂无奈、强烈思亲之情。
4、虚实相益,以实映虚。全诗四句中一、二句写所见实景:叶落声寒,水动风凉;三、四句写引发想象:黑夜明灯,童观蟋斗。所见所闻,或明或暗,虚实相映。满耳秋声,满目秋夜,满怀乡情。实中有虚,寓虚于实,言寥寥而意无尽!
5、心驰神往,远近互动。诗人因身受寂夜孤单之苦,而产生眷恋远方亲人之心。虽身在千里之距,嬉戏场景犹在眼前。近处寒叶声声扰,天伦乐事曼曼来。那物那景,直教人无限唏嘘。
6、冷暖两分,“寒”“挑”传神。“寒”字一语双关,既有秋风袭来寒凉逼人之感,更有落泊天涯心神凄清之意。“挑”字于细节逼真见妙趣。写出儿童的专注嬉戏、轻挑细拨、忽屏息观斗、忽乍喜兴呼的斗蟋蟀场面,全在一“挑”。“挑”出了性格,“挑”出了神韵,“挑”出了思忆亲人温暖之情!
7、“动”“知”连气,一气呵成。诗歌以落叶“送”寒, 寒声“动”情,情牵亲人,思亲慰寂,一气连成。“动”为诗“骨”,“知(思)”为诗“心”,做好了前后承接,使全诗起落得体、张驰有度。
8、暗用典故,明了心意。“江上秋风动客情”暗用张翰辞官典故。据传晋人张翰官居洛阳,见秋风起而思念故乡,于是辞官回乡,了却心愿。“秋上心头使人愁”,更能传达诗人当时客居在外,乡愁满怀的心境。
9、巧用修辞,情意绵长。“萧萧梧叶送寒声,江上秋风动客情”。这一“送”一“动”,寓情于物,赋予梧叶、秋风以人的情态思绪。这些物态声情的诗文,怎不把读者带进这风送寒凉、情动秋江的意境之中,令人痴迷难返,惆怅满怀。“萧萧梧叶送寒声”妙用通感,以萧萧之声催动凄凉心境,用听觉形象沟通触觉感受,意味绵长。
四、作者
叶绍翁,南宋中期人,字嗣宗,号靖逸。生于1194年,卒,不明。龙泉人。祖籍浦城。
原姓李,后嗣于龙泉(今属浙江)叶氏,祖父李颖士于宋政和五年(1115)中进士,曾任处州刑曹,后知余姚。建炎三年(1129),颖士抗金有功,升为大理寺丞、刑部郎中,后因赵鼎党事,被贬。绍翁因祖父关系受累,家业中衰,少时即给龙泉叶姓为子。光宗至宁宗期间,曾在朝廷做小官,与真德秀过从甚密。他长期隐居钱塘西湖之滨,与葛天民互相酬唱。
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