温室效应与臭氧层被破坏有关系吗

2025-01-22 14:49:41
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

臭氧破坏和温室效应没有直接关系,但有间接关系
温室效应主要是由温室气体产生的,比如二氧化碳,甲烷。
他们在太阳照射时,阳光可以穿透并照射进来,同时他们也吸收热量。在太阳无法照射到的时候,他们又释放热量,并且阻止地球的热量散发到太空中。
导致地球平均温度上升。
而臭氧被破坏主要是以前以及现在部分使用的r12制冷剂,破坏极其严重,进期大多使用r22制冷剂,破坏相对来说小一点(是以前的10%左右)但总体上看仍然很严重。而目前只有一些高档的空调和冰箱等,使用r134等对臭氧无破坏的制冷剂
其实是制冷剂r134要比前者贵,其次,对压缩机要求会相对高一点点,厂家就是不愿意投资,而现在国际上到处协议,都要求新机组应该使用r134等环保制冷剂,很多国家也有法律规定
臭氧的破坏会导致两极出现臭氧空洞(现在南极已经出现而且在扩大)从而紫外线直接照射地球,
同时由于其他地方的平均臭氧厚度也在减小,导致紫外线辐射强度增加
最终,紫外线的照射,会导致大多数生命死亡,破坏生物链的循环,从而破坏生态(现在地球上越来越多人得皮肤癌,其实就是紫外线过度照射造成的)

回答2:

臭氧层损耗是臭氧空洞的真正成因,人类活动排入大气中的一些物质进入平流层与那里的臭氧发生化学反应,就会导致臭氧耗损,使臭氧浓度减少。
人为消耗臭氧层的物质主要是:广泛用于冰箱和空调制冷、泡沫塑料发泡、电子器件清洗的氯氟烷烃(cfxcl4-x,又称freon),以及用于特殊场合灭火的溴氟烷烃(cfxbr4-x,又称halons哈龙)等化学物质。
消耗臭氧层的物质,在大气的对流层中是非常稳定的,可以停留很长时间,如cf2c12在对流层中寿命长达120年左右。因此,这类物质可以扩散到大气的各个部位,但是到了平流层后,就会在太阳的紫外辐射下发生光化反应,释放出活性很强的游离氯原子或溴原子,参与导致臭氧损耗的一系列化学反应:
cfxcl4-x+hv→•cfxcl3-x+•cl
•cl+o3→•clo+o2
•clo+o→o2+•cl
这样的反应循环不断,每个游离氯原子或溴原子可以破坏约10万个o3分子,这就是氯氟烷烃或溴氟烷烃破坏臭氧层的原因。
no对臭氧层破坏作用的机理为:
o3+no→o2+no2,
o+no2→o2+no,
总反应式为:o+o3→2o2
总之,最后产生的二氧化碳,温室效应的罪魁祸首,所以臭氧层的破坏和温室效应是有关的

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