TypeScript 和 JavaScript 的区别

2025-03-26 03:45:19
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

近两年来最火爆的技术栈毫无争议的是JavaScript,随着ES6的普及,不管是从前端的浏览器来看,还是后端的NodeJS场景,JavaScript技术栈不断的向世界证明自己的价值。JavaScript代码越写越大,众所周知,JavaScript是一门动态语言,缺少静态类型检查,这样就很难在编译阶段排除更多的问题,当然,这就是动态语言的魅力所在,运行时动态处理类型,在我们写代码的时候就可以很更灵活。为了给JavaScript增加类型检查以及一些其他能力TypeScript应运而生,不能说TypeScript有多牛,只能说TypeScript顺应了时代需要。那么说了半天TypeScript和JavaScript哪种语言更先进呢?
让我们从以下方面来谈谈,
1.从历史包袱角度说JavaScript的包袱是前向兼容,即使老版本的ES中有落后的方面,为了兼容,也要支持,而TypeScript宣称完全兼容JavaScript,这导致了TypeScript继承了JavaScript一切的缺点,所以从这点上看可以说是不相伯仲。
2.TypeScript的作者也是C#的作者,这导致了TypeScript从C#继承了很多优雅的设计比如枚举,泛型等语言特性,这让TypeScript增色不少。

3.TypeScript带有编译期类型检查,在写大程序的时候有优势,更容易重构和让别人理解代码的意图,但是这带来了一个问题就是语法上的拖沓冗长,不够漂亮。

4.知道Groovy和Java的朋友和容易看出来,TypeScript和JavaScript的关系实际上就是Groovy和Java的关系,一个动态,一个静态,一个灵活,一个稳健,哪个更先进,要看你从哪个方面来说了。
5. 下面是完成同样功能的两段简单代码,大家可以简单比较一下,看看自己喜欢那种品位。
TypeScript Code:

class Greeter {
greeting: string;
constructor (message: string) {
this.greeting = message;
}
greet() {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
}
}

JavaScript Code:

var Greeter = (function () {
function Greeter(message) {
this.greeting = message;
}
Greeter.prototype.greet = function () {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
};
return Greeter;
})();

总结
TypeScript is c# version JavaScript, JavaScript is groovy version Java of Typescript which one is better depends on what you are going to do.

回答2:

TypeScript是一种由微软开发的自由和开源的编程语言。它是JavaScript的一个超集,而且本质上向这个语言添加了可选的静态类型和基于类的面向对象编程。
TypeScript扩展了JavaScript的语法,所以任何现有的JavaScript程序可以不加改变的在TypeScript下工作。TypeScript是为大型应用之开发而设计,而编译时它产生 JavaScript 以确保兼容性。

TypeScript 是一种给 JavaScript 添加特性的语言扩展。
● 类型批注和编译时类型检查
●类
●接口
●模块
●lambda 函数
语法上,TypeScript 很类似于 JScript .NET,另外一个添加了对静态类型,经典的面向对象语言特性如类,继承,接口和命名空间等的支持的 Microsoft 对 ECMA-262 语言标准的实现。

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