为什么中国儒家思想的国际影响力远不如世界三大宗教?
推荐回答(5个)
首先儒家不是宗教,宗教不仅是意识形态,而且可以解释人类社会普遍思想哲学问题。儒学没有解释生死,未知事物的功能,连世俗生活干预约束的部分都很少,不能作为替代宗教的信仰。
世界三大教不仅是宗教,而且是宗教发展的最高阶段:一神教。
一神教教义都有排他性,唯一真神,血缘继承的要求,发展壮大比较容易。而儒家,讲究自我修养,对他人没有要求,更不会要求杀异教徒,子孙必须继承儒家思想之类。
儒学本质是在政治法制框架之外,精神层面上保障社会秩序的东西,是大一统集权国家的政治补充。而东亚文明之外,几乎没有大一统的集权文明,罗马是封建制度,短暂的中东集权文明是基于奴隶制,所以不需要类似儒学这样的政治补充。
而西方在一神教诞生后,以教立国建立宗教国家,可以满足政治稳定性的需求,所以也不需要在神学政治之外存在类似儒学这样的东西。
你去买东西付款的时候,在几张等值的钞票中会挑最烂的那些来付款,把最好的留下,谁都这样,最后的结果是:谁最烂谁流行得最快。在一群女人中也这样,谁最烂最贱谁就最流行。因为外夷没文化,不识好歹,捡上帝、真主、佛陀这三坨屎来吃了。自从儒家学说传到西方并被西方最明智的思想家伏尔泰顶礼膜拜以后,启迪了伏尔泰,使之成为西方思想家的导师,伏尔泰进而引导了孟德斯鸠、卢梭、狄德罗等一大批启蒙思想家,提出了天赋人权、君主立宪、三权分立等思想,造就了法国成为西方世界的启蒙运动的中心,引发了法国大革命,西方人才真正冲破了由那些宗教造成的中世纪的黑暗时代,确立了当今的普世价值观,这才使人类真正走上了一条光明之路。
参看本人文章《唯儒家学说足以拯救世界(1)西方的自由民主思想起源于儒家学说》http://www.tianya.cn/publicforum/content/no01/1/416654.shtml
个人感觉儒家思想发展到宋朝后,已被阉割了很大部分,主体是为统治者服务,失去了早期儒家思想进取的魄力。更重要的是在元.清俩朝的奴才思想的冲击打压下,真正的儒家思想已经蜕变。从而失去了对外的影响力。
清代之前中国人流动性很小,西方很少有人知道还有个儒家思想。
你看韩国和日本,跟中国交往的较早,他们就比较接受(现在还在发扬)儒家思想。
现在在全世界搞孔子学院,百十年后,就发扬光大了。
儒家思想不是宗教,传播不如其他三个了。假如孔子能周游世界或许就是另一种情况了
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