关于草坪的问题

2025-04-08 09:04:44
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

1.冷季型草坪草种的特点或共性
耐寒,绿期长,最适生长温度15-25℃,品质好,用途广,可用种子繁殖,也可用无性繁殖,大多种子产量高,价格低;抗热性差,抗病虫能力差,管理要求精细,管理费用高,使用年限短。
2. 常见的草种及其品种
①早熟禾属
A.草地早熟禾(早熟禾、六月禾、肯塔基蓝草;Kentucky bluegrars;Poa pratenis L.)。具有冷季型草坪草所有的特性,品质好,绿期长,用途广;抗病虫能力差,夏季易感染病虫害,管理要求精细,出苗慢,苗期易受杂草侵染。
常见品种:Opal,Conni,Midnight,Park,Baron
B.粗茎早熟禾(高杆早熟禾;Rough bluegrass; Poa trivial L.)
耐荫性强,是所有冷季型草坪草耐荫性最强者,适于气候凉爽的房前屋后及树下种植;抗热抗寒抗旱性差,夏季易“热死”。
常见品种:Dasas, SabreⅡ
C. 林地早熟禾(Poa nemoralis L.)
D. 球茎早熟禾(Poa bulbosa L.)
E.一年生早熟禾(Poa annua L.)
②羊茅属
A.粗叶型:高羊茅(苇状羊茅);Tall fescue; Festuca arundinacea L.),抗性强(病、虫、热、寒、旱、盐、碱),是所有冷季型草坪草中抗性最强者,适应性广,用途广,管理粗放;质地粗糙,品质差。有牧草和草坪草之分。
常见品种:Finelawn, Cochise, Crossfire, Houndog 5
B. 细叶型
a. 紫羊茅(匍匐紫羊茅、弱匍匐紫羊茅、强匍匐紫羊茅;Red fescue, light-creeping red Fescue, Strong-creeping red fescue; Festuca rubra L.)
常见草种:Banner,Bargreen,Bridgeport,Shadeway
b.硬羊茅(Hard fescue; Festuca ovina var.durivscula L.)
常见品种:Valda,Bardur, SR3100,SR3000
c.邱氏羊茅(Chewing’ fescue;Festuca var.commutata Gaud.)
d.羊茅(Sheep fescue;Festuca ovina L.)
常见品种:Mx-86, First Meadow
③黑麦草属
A.多年生黑麦草(Perennial ryegrass; Lolium Perenne L.)
颜色亮绿,品质好,用途广,抗寒性弱于草地早熟禾,抗热性不如高羊茅,管理粗放于草地早熟禾;最明显优点:出苗发芽快;寒冷地区越冬率低,使用年限短,主要用于交播(Overceeding)和混播先锋草种。品种间差异小。有牧草和草坪草之别。
常见品种:Pickwick,Sakini,Future3000
B.一年生黑麦草(Annual ryegrass; Lolium annual L.)
④翦股颖属
A. 匍匐翦股颖(匍茎翦股颖,本特,四季青;Greeping bentgrass; Agrostis stolonifera L.)
抗寒和耐热好于草地早熟禾,弱于高羊茅,相对耐荫和耐盐碱;品质佳,是所有冷委型草坪草种中品质最佳者;耐强度低修剪,可频繁修剪;主要用于高尔夫球果岭、草地保岭球、草地网球等;抗病虫能力差,要求管理非常精细,最好用滚筒式剪草机修剪。
常见品种:攀可斯(Penncross),帕特(Putter),开拓(Cato),海滨(Seaside)
B.细弱翦股颖(Colonial bentgrass;Agrostis tenuis Sibth. )
常见品种:高地(Highland)
C.绒毛翦股颖(Velvet beutgrass;Agrostis canina L.)
⑤三叶草属
A. 白三叶(White clover;Trifolium repens L.)
豆科草坪草,叶片具倒“V”字型,其适应性广,主要用于街道,观赏用草坪;易感虫害;有牧草和草坪草之别。可与多年生黑麦草、紫羊茅等混播。
常见草种:Tahora, Rivendal
B. 红三叶(Red clover; Trifolium pratense L. )
⑥其它:冬草、马蔺、常夏石竹、异穗苔草等。

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