西汉最杰出的文史家、文学家和思想家是谁?

2025-04-01 12:18:18
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

非司马迁莫属
西汉史学家,文学家。字子长,左冯翊夏阳(今陕西韩城西南)人。生于汉景帝中元五年(前145),一说生于汉武帝建元六年(前135),卒年不可考。司马迁10岁开始学习古文书传。约在汉武帝元光、元朔年间,向今文家董仲舒学《公羊春秋》,又向古文家孔安国学《古文尚书》。20岁时,从京师长安南下漫游,足迹遍及江淮流域和中原地区,所到之处考察风俗,采集传说。不久仕为郎中,成为汉武帝的侍卫和扈从,多次随驾西巡,曾出使巴蜀。元封三年(前108),司马迁继承其父司马谈之职,任太史令,掌管天文历法及皇家图籍,因而得读史官所藏图书。太初元年(前104),与唐都、落下闳等共订《太初历》,以代替由秦沿袭下来的《颛顼历》,新历适应了当时社会的需要。此后,司马迁开始撰写《史记》。后因替投降匈奴的李陵辩护,获罪下狱,受腐刑。

出狱后任中书令,继续发愤著书,终于完成了《史记》的撰写。人称其书为《太史公书》。是中国第一部纪传体通史,对后世史学影响深远,《史记》语言生动,形象鲜明,也是优秀的文学作品。司马迁还撰有《报任安书》,记述了他下狱受刑的经过和著书的抱负,为历代传颂。

回答2:

司马迁
西汉著名史学家、文学家、思想家,今陕西韩城人,太史令司马淡之子。他二十岁后开始云游,足迹遍布祖国南北,到处采集传说,考察风俗。公元前108年,任太史令,得读史官藏书,他遍读宫中藏书,搜集资料五年,于公元前104年开始著《史记》,后因李陵案牵连,被汉武帝处以“腐刑”,但他坚强的活了下来,在他55岁那年(公元前91年),终于完成了历史巨著《史记》,这部巨著共130篇,52万字,是我国第一部通史,并开创了纪传体史书的形式,影响十分深远。鲁迅曾盛赞《史记》是“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”。

回答3:

贾谊

回答4:

司马迁

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