推荐回答(2个)
1、常见化学元素的名称和符号:
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2、常见的相对原子质量:
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3、化合价口诀:
钾钠氢银正一价,钙镁锌钡正二价;
氟氯溴碘负一价,通常氧是负二价;
铁有正二和正三,碳有正二和正四;
铜汞一二铝正三,硫有负二正四和正六;
金属正价要记清,单质价态永为零。
负一硝酸氢氧根,负二碳酸硫酸根;
还有负三磷酸根,只有正一是铵根。
4、化学实验基本操作口诀:
固体需匙或纸槽,一送二竖三弹弹;
块固还是镊子好,一横二放三慢竖。
液体应盛细口瓶,手贴标签再倾倒。
读数要与切面平,仰视偏低俯视高。
滴管滴加捏胶头,垂直悬空不玷污,不平不倒不乱放,用完清洗莫忘记。
托盘天平须放平,游码旋螺针对中;
左放物来右放码,镊子夹大后夹小;
试纸测液先剪小,玻棒沾液测最好。
试纸测气先湿润,粘在棒上向气*。
酒灯加热用外焰,三分之二为界限。
硫酸入水搅不停,慢慢注入防沸溅。
实验先查气密性,隔网加热杯和瓶。
排水集气完毕后,先撤导管后移灯。
给你个记忆口诀吧:第一个周期:氢氦(轻咳)即背诵它很轻松。
第二周期:锂铍硼碳 氮氧氟氖(狸皮捧炭 蛋养弗奶):前一句是用狐狸皮捧木炭,后一句是说凡是从蛋里养的都不吃奶。
第三周期:钠镁铝硅磷硫氯氩(拉美旅归,林柳路呀):一个人从拉丁美洲旅行回来,道路上有很多柳树
第四周期:钾钙钪钛钒铬锰铁钴镍铜锌镓锗砷硒溴氪(贾盖扛袋烦搁猛,铁箍捏从新家者,身洗臭壳):名字叫贾盖的人扛袋子心里烦,搁在地上很猛,铁箍是从新来的人那里捏来的,从身上洗去臭壳吧。
第五周期:铷锶钇锆铌钼锝钌铑钯银镉铟锡锑碲碘氙(如思已告你目的,镣铐把人隔音息,涕地点三):如果让你思考已经告诉了你目的,镣铐把人隔绝了音息,眼泪落到地上三点。
第六周期:铯钡镧铪钽钨铼锇铱铂金汞铊铅铋钋砹氡(塞坝拦河但勿来,俄依铂金供他钱,必破挨冻):塞住大坝拦在河上就不要来了,俄国依靠铂金供他钱,必然会国破挨冻。
第七周期:钫镭锕(防雷啊):要防范打雷
镧系:镧铈镨钕钷钐铕钆铽镝钬铒铥镱镥(南市普女颇煞有钆特敌火耳丢一了):南市有个普通的女人很富有和一个叫钆特的敌人开火耳朵丢掉一个了)
锕系:锕钍镤铀镎钚镅锔碚锎锿镄钔偌铹(阿土扑油拿布抹锔被开开废门若牢):名字叫阿土的人扑灭油火用布抹,锔(就是锁)被开开了,废门好像是牢固的。
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