什么叫化学计量点、滴定终点、终点误差?

2025-03-31 09:00:15
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

滴定终点是指示剂变色点,不同指示剂变色点不同。
化学计量点是反应完成点,最简单的例子就是盐酸和烧碱按照化学计量数1:1完全反应的那点。
化学计量点是理论终点,滴定终点是指示剂变色(对于酸碱指示剂就是指示剂酸色和碱色浓度比1:1时)的终点。当确定了反应类型,选定了指示剂,这个理论终点和指示剂终点之差就确定下来,这个差不随滴定次数、人和实验室而改变其数值和方向(正负)。因此,符合系统误差的单向性、重复性和可以矫正性的。所以,滴定终点误差属于系统误差。
误差在大分类上分为两类:一类叫随机误差,另一类叫系统误差。随机误差就是由随机(偶然)原因引起的,系统误差是由于固定原因引起的。

回答2:

当加入的标准滴定溶液的量与被测物的量恰好符合化学反应式所表示的化学计量关系量时,称反应到达化学计量点,简称计量点。 滴定时,指示剂改变颜色的那一点称为滴定终点,简称终点。 滴定终点往往与理论上的化学计量点不一致,它们之间存在有很小的差别,由此造成的误差称为终点误差。

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