推荐回答(1个)
臣司马光言:
先前,接奉圣旨,要我编纂历代君臣事迹。不久,再接奉圣旨,赐名《资治通鉴》。现在,全书已完全定稿。我性情愚昧而且鲁莽,学术更是荒疏,所做的事,都在别人之下。惟独对于历史,心有所爱,从幼到老,嗜好不倦。深深的感觉到,自从司马迁、班固以来,史籍越来越多,普通人有的是时间,还读不完,更何况高高在上的君王,日理万机,哪有闲暇 ?我常怀一种抱负,打算加以整理,删除多余的废话,摘取其中的精华,专门收集有关国家兴衰,人民悲欢,善可以为法,恶可以为戒的政治行为,编著一部编年史。使先后顺序,明确呈现,内容篇幅,繁简适当。只因为私人力量单薄,无法着手。幸而遇到英宗皇帝(宋王朝五任帝赵宗实),聪明睿智,关心文化推展,想了解古时政事,借此作为制定国家大计方针的根据。特地下令,教我着手编纂。往日的愿望,忽然可以发挥,欢欣鼓舞,不能自已。惟一恐惧的是,才疏学浅,难以胜任。先帝(五任帝赵宗实)又命我自己物色任用助手,在崇文院内,设立编辑局,准许向龙图阁、天章阁、“三馆”(昭文馆、集贤馆、国史馆)以及秘阁等图书馆,借用图书。并发给御用的笔墨纸砚,更特别犒赏,购买水果点心。并指定宦官充当联络官,直接可以奏报先帝。受恩之深,受宠之隆,近代从来没有。不幸书还没有进呈,先帝竟行去世。陛下(六任帝赵顼)继位大统,也继承遗志,颁赐序文,亲为本书命名。御前讲座时,也常命我宣读。我虽然愚昧,但受到两任皇上如此厚待,即令杀身枭首,也不能报答万一。只要能力够用,岂敢有丝毫惰怠?那时,政府派我代理永兴(陕西省西安市)战区司令官(知永兴军),因身体衰弱,又患病未痊,不能从事繁重工作,请求改调其他官职。陛下顾念下情,答应我的请求,命我担任西京(河南省洛阳市)留守政府监察总监(判西京留司御史台),兼任西京嵩山崇福宫管理官(提举西京嵩山崇福宫)。前后六次调动职务,都准允编辑局跟我一同迁移。并且只发经费,从不规定按时缴出成绩。我既没有其他重大事务,就投入全部精力,精细研究,竭尽心力。白天不够使用,继之以黑夜。不但选录正史,还从旁采及野史(小说)、书信和文件,堆积得好像大海。我们在最隐秘处发掘历史真相,对每一个字都校正它是否错误。上起战国,下至五代,凡一千三百六十二年,共二百九十四卷。另外,再编索引,以年月为纵的轨迹,以事件为横的叙述,便于读者查考,命名《目录》,凡三十卷。再另外,参考各种图书,考证它们的异同,说明真伪,再成《考异》三十卷。——总共三百五十四卷。回溯过去,自本世纪(十一世纪)六○年代开始着手,到今天才算完成,悠悠岁月,中间受到政局影响,我自己都不敢相信能够平安,负罪至重,不容逃避。
臣司马光,诚惶诚恐,顿首顿首。敬请陛下垂念我远离中央,已十有五年,虽然身在外地,但区区之心,无论早上或黄昏,无论清醒或睡梦,何尝不在陛下左右。只以天性拙笨,无从效力,是以专门从事文字工作,报答皇恩,只求点滴之水和微粒之尘,以增加大海之深和大山之高。我现在骨骸憔悴,双目近视,牙齿几乎全部脱落,精神耗损枯竭。眼前办的事,一转身就都忘掉,残余精力,在此书上全部耗尽。敬请陛下(六任帝赵顼)宽恕我因妄自著作而应诛杀的重罪,俯察我一念之忠,在清闲休息的时候,顺手翻阅。参考前代王朝的兴衰,考查当今政治措施的得失,嘉奖善良,排除罪恶,坚持正义,改正错误,就足可以追踪古代的盛世,使国家迈入以前从没有过的太平境界。四海之内的苍生,都蒙受到福祉。那么,我虽葬身黄泉之下,平生志愿也已得到回报。
谨上奏章,请鉴。臣司马光诚惶诚恐,顿首顿首,谨言。
端明殿学士兼翰林侍读学士、太中大夫、提举西京嵩山崇福宫、上柱国、河内郡开国公、食邑二千六百户、实封一千户臣司马光上表。
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