简述大汶口文化的主要内容

2025-02-14 11:32:50
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

大汶口文化以一群特点鲜明的陶器为主要特征。以夹砂陶和泥质红陶为主, 大汶口文化遗存也有灰陶、黑陶,并有少量硬质白陶。泥质陶器上常饰镂孔、划纹,有彩陶和简单的朱绘陶。沙质陶器上少数饰附加有堆纹和篮纹。三足器、圆足器发达,也有平底器、圜底器和袋足器。典型器物为觚形器、釜形器、钵形器、罐形器、镂孔圈足豆、双鼻壶、背壶、宽肩壶、实足鬹、袋足鬹、高柄杯、瓶和大口尊等。
大汶口文化的居民盛行枕骨人工变形和青春期拔牙的习俗。是流行于古代中国东方、南方的拔牙习俗的发源地。在王因、大墩子墓中的骨骸上,还发现颌骨异常变形的现象,某些个体臼齿外侧严重磨损甚至内缩,有数例在变形处置有小石球或陶球,变形当是由于长期口含小球所致。这是大汶口文化所独有的奇特习俗。此外,死者随葬獐牙、獐牙勾形器以及龟甲等,也为其他新石器时代文化所少见。

回答2:

大汶口文化是新石器时代文化。因山东省泰安市大汶口遗址而得名。分布地区东至黄海之滨,西至鲁西平原东部,北达渤海南岸,南到江苏淮北一带,基本处于古籍中记载的少昊氏文化地区。

回答3:

如果用文字注释大汶口文化大陶樽“日、火、山”图案,从局部看图案上部明显的“日”;中部的“火”亦可为“鸟”,横亘于天地间,乃部落神;下部五指山意指山岳屹立大地为“大”。所以联系到远古大汶口部落可能的图腾信仰,我认为“日、火、山”整体图案对应的文字是“吴”,“吴”同“昊”,这个图案亦或指向我们华夏族始祖“太昊”。
在中国神话传说和历史文献记载中,“伏羲”与“太昊”为同一人,在众多版本的“三皇”中他都必不可少,并且有燧人氏和华胥氏生伏羲、女娲,兄妹成婚从而诞生华夏族,所以“太昊伏羲”有绝对的资格站里在华夏族人文始祖金字塔的顶尖。从“日、火、山”整体图案分析,对应的“吴”全意有“天、地、神”之像,开天辟地的盘古立于天地之间,身躯化作山河湖泊,盘古亦作“盘葫”,而上古大洪水时期伏羲、女娲凭借大葫芦劫后余生,从而繁衍华夏族,所以“太昊伏羲”应是盘古无疑。
上古创世神之说,天昊、据比、毕方、竖亥、烛九阴,天昊乃伏羲,据比乃炎居(蚩尤),毕方乃帝喾,烛九阴乃共工。这里最值得一提的是“竖亥”即“王亥”,屈原《天问》:舜服厥弟,终然为害。何肆犬豕,而厥身不危败。又:亥秉季德,厥父是臧……昏微循迹,有狄不宁。何繁鸟萃集,负子肆情?眩弟并淫,危害厥兄,何变化以作诈,而后嗣逢长?——由此可见,王亥乃是舜弟,这里的舜是有易君绵臣。“帝舜生戏,戏生瑶民”
这里最值得一提的是“竖亥”即“王亥”,屈原《天问》:舜服厥弟,终然为害。何肆犬豕,而厥身不危败。又:亥秉季德,厥父是臧……昏微循迹,有狄不宁。何繁鸟萃集,负子肆情?眩弟并淫,危害厥兄,何变化以作诈,而后嗣逢长?——由此可见,王亥乃是舜弟,这里的舜是有易君绵臣,“帝舜生戏,戏生瑶民”。
帝喾有二子阏伯(契)、实沈(季),其中实沈乃王亥之父。《左传》:后帝不臧,迁实沈于大夏,唐人是因。再说帝喾娶娵訾氏生挚,少昊帝名挚,葬于曲阜西陬附近。所以尧代挚王天下实际上是实沈代少昊立天下。帝喾之子实沈曰“季”,屈原《天问》:亥秉季德,厥父是臧。由此王亥乃实沈之子,而王亥确是华夏族神秘人物。神秘之处以下几点:1、创世神之说:昊天、据比、毕方、竖亥、烛龙五其一有“亥”。2、中国神话水火之战“祝融战共工”,共工撞不周山(万兽山)。《山海经》:有因民国,勾姓而食,有人曰王亥……有易君绵臣杀而放之……河念有易,有易潜出,为国于兽,名曰瑶民,帝舜生戏戏生瑶民。3、王亥为祝融。《山海经》:炎帝之妻,赤水之子听訞生炎居(据比、蚩尤),炎居生节并(帝喾),节并生戏器(启、契、弃),戏器生祝融,祝融降处江山水,(戏器)生共工。王亥为殷商始祖鸟,《诗经》:天命玄鸟,降而生商。《天问》:眩弟并淫,危害厥兄。可知王亥乃祝融,绵臣乃共工。4、甲骨文卜辞的高祖。迄今甲骨文卜辞中有三位高祖“夔、亥、汤”,商汤封其父为商夔宗,而帝王神话中有重生之说,唯“凤凰涅槃”最甚,《周易》:上九,鸟焚其巢旅人先笑后号啕,丧牛于易,凶。此有涅槃之说,夔、亥轮回,得天下。故古谚:生男如狼,犹恐其尪。“尪”乃重生鸟,有乱世或盛世而生之意。5、或许你去关注上古祖先时会发现,黄帝战蚩尤,颛顼帝喾王天下,大禹战共工,都将王亥、河伯、共工有易之战的身影带入。屈原《天问》:1、舜服厥弟,终然为害。何肆犬豕,而厥身不危败?2、亥秉季德,厥父是臧……昏微循迹,有狄不宁。何繁鸟萃集,负子肆情?眩弟并淫,危害厥兄,何变化以作诈,而后嗣逢长?这两处所说为同一事件,即王亥灭有易,由此舜为绵臣,舜弟为王亥,“眩弟并淫”指亥与恒共同征伐。后帝(夏启)不臧,还有“缘鹄饰玉,后帝是飨”,后帝也是启,源自《史记》:昔夏启帝有钧台之飨。

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