推荐回答(1个)
这个也要看地区的吧,
向我们是江苏的,冬季最多零下8度就不得了了。冬季施工时候,钢筋、混凝土、泥浆制备、机械设备,清水,都受到很大影响。
控制措施:
1、泥浆制备
冬季钻孔在零下的情况,为防止因为“泥水不合”而产生的泥浆粘度过低、胶体率下降、失水率增加等情况,采取以下措施:
(1)拌制泥浆用的土料采用优质粘土,如发生粘土冻结,则打成碎块在制浆池内使其融化。
(2)泥浆循环管路采用防寒毡包裹,且每台钻机另备一套备用管路,以防止循环管路受冻。
(3)对泥浆加强技术监控,保证泥浆各项性能指标。
2、钻进成孔
(1)钻头更换后及时清理钻头上的污泥 ,以便下次使用。
(2)护筒开挖后立即埋设护筒 ,护筒的底部及外侧四周用黏质土回填并分层夯实;回填土严禁含冻土块 。
(3)钻机挖出的钻渣及时清运至指定地点 ,不得在施工现场长时间堆放 ,以免冻结后清运困难。
(4)钻孔作业连续进行 ,以防供浆管路冻结影响施工 。
(5)加强钻孔设备日常检修保养,保障施工设备正常运转。
3、钢筋制作及安装
(1)焊接钢筋尽量在加工棚进行,必须在棚外进行时,最低温度不低于-20℃(我们江苏这没有这么低的温度,所以可以不写),并采取防雪、挡风等措施,减少焊件的温度差。焊接后的接头严禁立刻接触冰雪。
(2)在室外温度环境温度低于-5℃条件下进行焊接时,除按常温焊接有关规定外,还应调整焊接工艺参数,如焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接通电时间等,使焊缝和热影响区缓慢冷却。当风力超过4级时,及时采取挡风措施;当环境温度低于-20℃时,停止焊接施工。
(3)冬期钢筋电弧焊时,可根据钢筋级别、直径、接头型式和焊接位置,选择焊接电流。焊接时采取防止产生过热、烧伤、咬肉和裂纹等措施。在构造上防止在接头处产生偏心受力状态。
(4)冬期钢筋焊接时,第一层焊缝应具有足够的熔深,主焊缝或定位焊缝应熔合良好。平焊时,第一层焊缝应先从中间引弧,再向两端运弧;立焊时,应先从中间向上方运弧,再从下端向中间运弧。再以后各层焊缝焊接时,采取分层控温施焊。
4、混凝土工程
现在一般都是预制混凝土了啊,所以混凝土的拌制和我们没有多少关系。
就一个混凝土浇筑和养护
混凝土的浇筑
(1)运输到现场的混凝土保证其均匀性和规定的坍落度,灌注时混凝土的温度不低于5℃,保证灌注混凝土的连续性。
(2)水下混凝土尽量安排在白天及气温较高时间段进行灌注,大风、大雾及雨雪天气不安排施工。
(3)根据施工要求留置好同条件试件,做好试件的标准养护工作,试件是桩基强度评定得依据。
混凝土养护
对于灌注完毕的桩基如果桩顶标高较高或在冰冻线范围内,必须对桩头混凝土部位进行回填土保温养护。现在灌注桩除了做静载检测的基本上用不着这一条。
再一个就是机械防冻措施
(1)进入冬期施工后立即对各种施工机械进行一次全面检修及保养,排除故障隐患。
(2)每天收工前将机械各管道内的水放出来,以免冻裂管道,必要时加注防冻液。
(3)要使用抗冻性能好的油料,防止油路冻结堵塞。
(4)派专人经常检查、保养,防止机械被冻坏,确保各种施工机械正常运转。
打字不容易,求加精,谢谢了。
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