掘进工作面临时支护如何使用

2024-12-02 18:01:37
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

巷道临时支护就是在井巷施工中,在掘进工作面架设永久支护之前架设的维护巷道安全和工作空间的一种临时支架,以保护掘进施工人员的安全,在适当时机可改为永久支护。巷道临时支护的特点是,服务期限短,并紧跟工作面;除锚喷支护外,临时支架均可回收复用;若用锚喷作临时支护,则其可以作为永久支护的一部分。
  井巷临时支护有锚喷支护、锚杆支护、金属拱形支护、金属拱形无腿支护、梯形支护、无腿支护、前探支护、盘式支护等。
由于临时支护有很多种,在这里无法一一介绍,如果你需要可以留个邮箱,下面给你介绍一种比较常见的,前探梁支护方式

锚杆支护巷道根据顶板破碎情况采用前探梁方式:
1、吊环滚轴式前探支护用于顶压不明显,围岩整体性较好巷道。前探梁支护是利用挂在靠工作面前两根锚杆下端的悬臂梁来实现超前支护。它由移动滑轮、前探梁和背顶木组成。前探梁和锚杆排数相同,每根前探配备3个悬吊在锚杆尾部的吊环,其中2个为正常支护,1个用于接力移梁。吊环拧在锚杆上,前探梁串入吊环移动滑轮内。放炮后,将梁向前推移,用背顶木把梁和顶板背紧。
2、吊环滑移式前探梁用于顶压较大、围岩较破碎的巷道。由12号工字钢制作的横梁、吊环、穿梁组成,锚杆按排距和间距安装好,横梁安装在锚杆露出的尾部,横梁上装好吊环,穿梁穿过吊环,穿梁可以在放炮后,移穿到迎头,并用顶木和木楔背紧。
3.凹形托架前探梁,工作面顶板打3排锚杆,锚杆端部安装凹形托架,前探梁插入托架内。放炮前,锚杆紧跟上,安装好前探支护;放炮后,站在锚杆下处理伪顶,松开楔子,将前探梁向前延伸,再用背顶木和木楔背紧钢梁与顶板空间,装岩出渣。

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