推荐回答（3个）
冰川是极地或高山地区地表上多年存在并具有沿地面运动状态的天然冰体。
冰川多年积雪，经过压实、重新结晶、再冻结等成冰作用而形成的。它具有一定的形态和层次，并有可塑性，在重力和压力下，产生塑性流动和块状滑动，是地表重要的淡水资源。国际冰川编目规定：凡是面积超过0.1平方千米的多年性雪堆和冰体都应编入冰川目录。
冰川是水的一种存在形式，是雪经过一系列变化转变而来的。要形成冰川首先要有一定数量的固态降水，其中包括雪、雾、雹等。没有足够的固态降水作“原料”，就等于“无米之炊”，根本形不成冰川。
扩展资料：
冰川的作用：
1、拔蚀作用
当冰床底部或冰斗后背的基岩，沿节理反复冻融而松动，若这些松动的岩石和冰川冻结在一起，则当冰川运动时就把岩块拔起带走，这称为拔蚀作用。经拔蚀作用后的冰川河谷其坡度曲线是崎岖不平的，形成了梯形的坡度剖面曲线。
2、搬运作用
由于冰川的侵运作用所产生的大量松散岩屑和从山坡崩落得碎屑，会进入冰川系统，随冰川一起运动，这些被搬运的岩屑称为冰碛物.
3、堆积作用
冰川携带的砂石，常沿途抛出，故在冰川消融以后，不同形式搬运的物质，堆积下来便形成相应的各种冰碛物。所谓冰碛物，是指由冰川直接造成的不成层冰积物。而冰积物，就是指直接由冰川沉积的物质，或由于冰水作用的沉积物，及因为冰川作用而沉积在河流湖泊海洋中的物质。
参考资料来源：百度百科-冰川
冰川（glacier）是一巨大的流动固体，是在高寒地区由雪再结晶聚积成巨大的冰川冰，因重力这主要因素使冰川冰流动，成为冰川。冰川作用包括侵蚀、搬运、堆积等作用，这些作用造成许多地形，使得经过冰川作用的地区形成多样的地貌。此外，若将冰川的体积换成水量，则除海水之外，占地球上所有的水量的 97.8%。
在极地和高山地区，气候严寒，常年积雪，当雪积聚在地面上后，如果温度降低到零下，可以受到它本身的压力作用或经再度结晶而造成雪粒，称为粒雪（firn）。当雪层增加，将粒雪往更深处埋，冰的结晶越变越粗，而粒雪的密度则因存在於粒雪颗粒间的空气体积不断减少而增加，使粒雪变得更为密实而形成蓝色的冰川冰，冰川冰形成后，因受自身很大的重力作用形成塑性体，沿斜坡缓慢运动或在冰层压力下缓缓流动形成冰川。
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