氧化作用和磷酸化作用是怎么偶联的?我想要完整点的答案!谢谢了

2025-04-06 18:15:54
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

根据百科上的叙述,是这个样的http://baike.baidu.com/view/207886.htm
(一)化学渗透假说(chemiosmotic hypothesis)
  1961年,英国学者Peter Mitchell提出化学渗透假说(1978年获诺贝尔化学奖),说明了电子传递释出的能量用于形成一种跨线粒体内膜的质子梯度(H+梯度),这种梯度驱动ATP的合成。这一过程概括如下:
  1.NADH的氧化,其电子沿呼吸链的传递,造成H+ 被3个H+ 泵,即NADH脱氢酶、细胞色素bc1复合体和细胞色素氧化酶从线粒体基质跨过内膜泵入膜间隙。
  2.H+ 泵出,在膜间隙产生一高的H+ 浓度,这不仅使膜外侧的pH较内侧低(形成pH梯度),而且使原有的外正内负的跨膜电位增高,由此形成的电化学质子梯度成为质子动力,是H+ 的化学梯度和膜电势的总和。
  3.H+ 通过ATP合酶流回到线粒体基质,质子动力驱动ATP合酶合成ATP。
  (二)ATP合酶
  ATP合酶由两部分组成(Fo-F1),球状的头部F1突向基质液,水溶性。亚单位Fo埋在内膜的底部,是疏水性蛋白,构成H+ 通道。在生理条件下,H+ 只能从膜外侧流向基质,通道的开关受柄部某种蛋白质的调节。
具体的化学渗透假说王镜岩的生化书上有,就是叙述有点复杂,还好百度百科比较给力,查到了化学渗透假说,还有示意图,蛮不错的。可以看看。http://baike.baidu.com/view/207606.htm

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