f'(x)=3a(ax)²-2a²x-a=a(3a²x²-2ax-1)=a(3ax+1)(ax-1)f'(1)=3a^3-2a²-a=a(3a²-2a-1)=a(3a+1)(a-1)=0得:a=0, 1, -1/3a=0时,f(x)=0,不符题意a=1时,f'(x)=(3x+1)(x-1), x=1为极小值,不符a=-1/3时,f'(x)=-1/3(-x+1)(-1/3x-1), x=1为极大值,符合因此只能取a=-1/3