读了《朱熹的读书法》你有什么感想?你对读书有什么见解?

答案要合理
2025-03-26 05:05:15
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  朱熹是我国历史上著名的教育家,是一名学者型的高级官吏,官至焕章阁待制兼侍讲,为宋宁宗皇帝进讲《大学》。他一身直接从事教育活动达四十年之久,所到之处,热心兴办教育,每每亲子讲学,他整理编撰的《四书集注》成为元、明、清科举考试的标准答案和学校的必读教科书,其地位甚至高于《五经》,影响着中国封建社会后期的教育长达数百年之久。朱熹的教育思想十分丰富,尤其是他的读书法,至今仍然有着十分重要的借鉴意义。其主要内容是循序渐进、熟读精思、虚心涵泳、切己体察、着紧用力、居敬持志,现简介如下。

  循序渐进

  循序渐进应当包含三层意思:一是读书应该有一定的次序,不要颠倒。“以二书言之,则通一书而后又一书。以一书言之,篇、章、文、句、首尾次第,亦各有序而不可乱也。”二是应该根据自己的实际情况和能力,安排读书计划,并切实遵守它。“量力所至而谨守之”。三是读书要扎扎实实地打好基础,不可囫囵吞枣,急于求成。“字求其训,句求其旨。未得乎前,则不敢求乎后;未通乎此,则不敢志乎彼。”

  熟读精思

  朱熹认为,读书既要熟读成诵,又要精于思考。读书必须精熟、成诵。诵数已足,而未成诵,必欲成诵;遍数未足,虽已成诵,必满遍数。要记得正文,记得注解,“使其言皆若出于吾之口”。

  虚心涵泳

  朱熹极力主张读书一定要虚心,即一字一句平心去读,不能有一毫杜撰,不能先入为主,穿凿附会,强使书上的意思合乎己意。所谓涵咏是指读书时要反复咀嚼,细心玩味。

  切己体察

  读书时一定要将书上“圣贤言语,体之于身。”将自身入那道理中去,渐渐相亲,与己为一。即要求读书时不能只在纸面上做工夫,还必须将书中道理与自己的生活结合起来。

  着紧用力

  读书时要“宽着期限,紧着课程。为学要刚毅果决,悠悠不济事。”“要抖擞精神,如救火治病然,如撑上水船,一篙不可放缓。”

  居敬持志

  读书须收敛此心,就是居敬。持志就要树立远大志向,高尚的目标,并要以顽强的毅力长期坚持。

  朱熹的读书法是他长期读书经验的总结,哲理性较强,其中包含着丰富的学习心理学思想。如“循序渐进”体现了量力性原则;“熟读精思”体现了学思结合原则;“虚心涵泳”反映了客观揣摩的思想;“切己体察”反映了身体力行思想;“着紧用力”凸现了积极奋发的意识;“居敬持志”包含了精神专一的思想。所有这些都值得我们仔细玩味,虚心学习和认真借鉴。

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