推荐回答(5个)
丰度,是指一种化学元素在某个自然体中的重量占这个自然体总重量的相对份额(如百分数)。
一种化学元素在某个自然体中的重量占这个自然体总重量的相对份额(如百分数),称为该元素在自然体中的丰度。
同位素在自然界中的丰度,又称天然存在比,指的是该同位素在这种元素的所有天然同位素中所占的比例。丰度的大小一般以百分数表示;人造同位素的丰度为零。
周期表上所列的原子量实际上是各种同位素按丰度加权的平均值,这是因为各种同位素在自然界中往往分布的比较均匀,取平均值计算比较准确。
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具备意义
研究元素和同位素丰度与分布的意义。研究元素丰度是研究地球化学基础理论问题的重要素材之一。元素丰度是每一个地球化学体系的基本数据。
可在同一或不同体系中用元素的含量值来进行比较,通过纵向(时间)、横向(空间)上的比较,了解元素动态情况,从而建立起元素集中、分散、迁移活动等一些地球化学概念。从某种意义上来说,也就是在探索和了解丰度这一课题的过程中,逐渐建立起近代地球化学。
以上内容参考:百度百科—丰度
“丰度 (即为该元素在自然体中的丰度abundance of elements)是指一种化学元素在某个自然体中的重量占这个自然体总重量的相对份额(如百分数)。丰度表示方法主要分为重量丰度、原子丰度和相对丰度。词条详细介绍了研究元素丰度的意义、发现历史、以及地壳元素丰度等内容。”
1)在给定生物组织细胞中,某特异大分子的相对含量。
2)mRNA丰度:指细胞中mRNA分子的数量。
3)高丰度mRNA:有少量不同mRNA分子组成,在细胞中存在大量拷贝。
元素在地壳中的含量称为丰度,丰度可用质量分数来表示。
以原子百分数表示的地壳中某种元素各同位素的相对含量。例如,氧的同位数16O、17O、18O的原子百分数即同位素丰度(%)为99.76、0.04和0.20。自然界中氟、钠、铝、……等21种元素都只有一个同位素,因此19F、23Na、27Al、……的同位素丰度为100%。
某元素的同位素丰度一般是固定的,可是用非常准确的同位素分析发现,元素的同位素丰度因来源不同而有某些出入,通常有一个暂定的平均值。如10B的丰度为20.316%~19.098%,暂定平均值为20.0%,这种差异对轻元素较为明显。
同位素丰度有以下规律:①原子序数在27号以前的元素中,往往有一种同位素的丰度占绝对优势。如14N为99.64%,15N为0.36%。大于27号的元素同位素的丰度趋向平均,如锡的10种天然同位素中丰度最大的是120Sn,为32.4%。②原子序数为偶数的元素中,往往是偶数中子
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