求《沧浪亭记》解释
此中“东顾” “修”意为---------?
推荐回答(1个)
原文
予以罪废,无所归。扁舟吴中,始僦舍以处。时盛夏蒸燠,土居皆褊狭,不能出气,思得高爽虚辟之地,以舒所怀,不可得也。 一日过郡学,东顾草树郁然,崇阜广水,不类乎城中。并水得微径于杂花修竹之间。东趋数百步,有弃地,纵广合五六十寻,三向皆水也。杠之南,其地益阔,旁无民居,左右皆林木相亏蔽。访诸旧老,云钱氏有国,近戚孙承右之池馆也。坳隆胜势,遗意尚存。予爱而徘徊,遂以钱四万得之,构亭北碕,号‘沧浪’焉。 前竹后水,水之阳又竹,无穷极。澄川翠干,光影会合于轩户之间,尤与风月为相宜。予时榜小舟,幅巾以往,至则洒然忘其归。觞而浩歌,踞而仰啸,野老不至,鱼鸟共乐。形骸既适则神不烦,观听无邪则道以明;返思向之汩汩荣辱之场,日与锱铢利害相磨戛,隔此真趣,不亦鄙哉! 噫!人固动物耳。情横于内而性伏,必外寓于物而后遣。寓久则溺,以为当然;非胜是而易之,则悲而不开。惟仕宦溺人为至深。古之才哲君子,有一失而至于死者多矣,是未知所以自胜之道。予既废而获斯境,安于冲旷,不与众驱,因之复能乎内外失得之原,沃然有得,笑闵万古。尚未能忘其所寓目,用是以为胜焉!
译文
我因为获罪而遭贬,乘船南游,在吴地旅行。起初局促在屋子里。时值盛夏非常炎热,土房子都很狭小,不能呼气,想得到高爽空旷僻静的地方,来舒展心胸,不能办到。 一天路过学宫,向东看草、树郁郁葱葱,高高的山川宽阔的水面,不像在城里。循着水边杂花修竹掩映的小径,向东走数百步,有一块荒地,方圆约六十寻,三面临水。小桥的南面更加开阔,旁边没有民房,四周林木环绕遮蔽,询问年老的人,说:“是吴越国王的贵戚孙承佑的废园。”从高高低低的地势上还约略可以看出当年的胜概。我因为喜爱而在此流连,于是就用四万钱买下了它。在北面构筑亭子,叫“沧浪”。前面是竹后面是水,水的北面又是竹林,没有穷尽。澄澈的小河翠绿的竹子,阳光、影子会合于轩户之间,尤其同风月最为协调。 我常常乘着小船,穿着轻便的衣服到亭上游玩,到了亭上就洒脱忘记回去,或把酒赋诗,或仰天长啸,人迹罕至,只与鱼、鸟同乐。形体得到了休息,心灵得到了净化;看到的、听到的没有邪恶,那么人生的道理就明白了。回过头来反思以前的名利场,每天与细小的利害得失相计较,同这样的情趣相比较,不是太庸俗了吗! 唉!人本来会受外物影响而感动。情感充塞在内心而性情压抑,一定要借外物来排遣,停留时间久了就沉溺,认为当然;不超越这而换一种心境,那么悲愁就化解不开。只有仕宦之途、名利之场最容易使人陷入其中,自古以来,不知有多少有才有德之士因政治上的失意忧闷致死,都是因为没有悟出主宰自己、超越自我的方法。我虽已经被贬却获得这样的胜境,安于冲淡旷远,不与众人一道钻营,因此又能够使我的内心和形体找到根本,心有所得,笑悯万古。尚且没有忘记内心的主宰,自认为已经超脱了。
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