火车运行速度:v=108km/h=108× 1 3.6 m/s=30m/s,火车运行路程:S=L车+L山洞=100m+500m=600m,∵v= s t ,∴t= s v = 600m 30m/s =20s.答:火车穿过山洞所用时间为20s.