水灰比越小,为什么混凝土强度越高?!! 速度!!

2025-02-08 07:46:52
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

影响混凝土经济性最重要因素是水泥用量,要求在混凝土性能不变前提下,用较少水泥生产出符合要求的混凝土。因此,水泥混凝土的水灰比就显得尤为重要。况且,在当今混凝土的级配计算中,都是以水灰比为基础参数而展开的。它决定了混凝土强度和密实性,影响混凝土抗渗性、抗冻性、抗蚀性、抗碳化性等。捷克的J?詹姆鲍尔作过水灰比与混凝土之间关系的实验,结果表明,水灰比不仅影响硬化浆体和混凝土的强度、耐久性,还影响硬化浆体总空隙率和物理——力学性能,胶结性水化产物的组成和性质,以及硬化水泥浆体结构等综合性能。所以,水灰比对混凝土性能来说,是至关重要的。

在配合比相同的条件下,所用的水泥标号越高,混凝土的强度越大。当水泥的品种和标号相同时,混凝土的强度随水灰比的增大而有规律的降低。所用水灰比越小,混凝土的强度就越高。但水灰比过小,拌合物过于干硬,以致无法保证浇捣质量,使混凝土不太密实时,强度亦将下降(图15-11)。

根据大量的试验结果,在常用的水灰比范围内(0.30-0.80),混凝土强度与水泥强度,灰水比之间,呈线性关系,可用如下直线型经验公式表示;

                   

式中       R28—混凝土28天抗压强度;

           Rc—水泥的活性,即实际强度;

           C/W—灰水比,即水灰比的倒数。

  A、B是和集料质量、成型工艺等因素有关的系数,通过试验确定。

回答2:

首先要知道,所谓的水灰比小,就是用水量相对于水泥量不变的情况下而减少。混凝土强度增长的过程,就是水泥和水水化反应的过程,水化反应时产生的水化产物立即溶于水,这时水泥颗粒又暴露出一层新的表面,水化反应继续进行,由于各种水化产物溶解度很小,水化产物的生成速度大于水化产物向溶液中扩散速度,所以很快使水泥颗粒周围液相中的水化产物浓度达到饱和或过饱和状态,并从溶液中析出,成为高度分散的凝胶体。水化作用继续,游离水份不断减少,水泥失去塑性,随着水化产物的不断增加,颗粒之间的毛细孔被填实,水化产物中的晶体贯穿于凝胶体,逐渐形成了有一定强度的水泥从而进入了硬化阶段。水化产物的进一步增加,水分的不断丧失,使得水泥石强度进一步增长。
这时,就能看出,硬化后的水泥石是由晶体、凝胶体、未完全水化的颗粒、游离水及气孔等组成的不均质体,起到增加强度作用的就是晶体、凝胶体和水化颗粒,而影响强度的就是游离水和气孔。
好,现在回到正题,用水量少了(也就是水灰比小了),那么就会减少游离水,并增加晶体和凝胶体,从而增加混凝土强度。

回答3:

用水量小了,不是水灰比大了吗?

回答4:

经供参考:
国标上对水灰比和最大水灰比都是有要求的。
基本上水灰比>1甚至大于2时设计配合比时就不适当。
水灰比过大,用水量过高,降低水泥强度,因为多余的水会外溢泌水,蒸发后形成为气孔,对强度影响非常大。
《新型干法水泥生产工艺》上有水泥形成强度的机理方面的信息。

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