春江花月夜全文及注解

需要完整的答案
2025-02-14 06:30:21
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

春江花月夜全文: 春江花月夜 唐 张若虚 春江潮水连海平,海上明月共潮生。 滟滟随波千万里, 何处春江无月明!
江流宛转绕芳甸, 月照花林皆似霰; 空里流霜不觉飞, 汀上白沙看不见。 江天一色无纤尘,皎皎空中孤月轮。 江畔何人初见月? 江月何年初照人?
人生代代无穷已, 江月年年望相似。 不知江月待何人, 但见长江送流水。
白云一片去悠悠, 青枫浦上不胜愁。 谁家今夜扁舟子?何处相思明月楼?
可怜楼上月徘徊,应照离人妆镜台。玉户帘中卷不去,捣衣砧上指还来。
此时相望不相闻,愿逐月华流照君。鸿雁长飞光不度, 鱼龙潜跃水成文。
昨夜闲潭梦落花,可怜春半不还家。江水流春去欲尽,江潭落月复西斜。
斜月沉沉藏海雾,碣石潇湘无限路。不知乘月几人归,落月摇情满江树。 【注释】 春江花月夜:乐府旧题,南朝陈后主所制,多用以写浮艳的宫体诗。张若虚(约660-约720),扬州人。唐中宗神龙时,曾与贺知章、贺朝、万齐融、邢巨、包融等同以吴越之士驰名京都。开元初,又与诗人贺知章、张旭、包融齐名,号为“吴中四士”。曾任兖州兵曹。《全唐诗》仅存录其诗两首,除了著名的《春江花月夜》外,另一首《代答闺梦还》诗,比较平庸。滟滟:水波闪光的样子。芳甸:遍生花草的原野。霰:小冰粒,俗称雪子。此以形容洁白月光照映下的花朵。穷已:穷尽。青枫浦:一名双枫浦,在今湖南浏阳河上,这里是泛指两地相思之一方。扁舟子:飘荡江湖的游子。 明月楼:指月夜楼中的思妇。卷不去、拂还来:都指月光,因月光增人愁思,所以想将它卷去、拂去,这是借月光说愁思难以排遣。逐:跟随。月华:月光。光不度:月光不动。鱼龙潜跃:偏义复词,偏指鱼跃。文:通纹。闲潭:幽静的潭水。碣石潇湘:碣石是山名,在今河北昌黎县北,这里代指北方。潇湘是水名,在今湖南,这里代指南方。是说南北相隔,无限遥远。摇情:不宁的心情,激动的感情。【鉴赏】这首诗是初唐七言歌行的杰作。比起卢照邻《长安古意》、刘希夷《代悲白头翁》等诗来,它在艺术上的成功,可以说达到了这一时期同类诗中的最高水平。因而,这一旧题乐府原先陈后主创制之作,倒被人遗忘;而张若虚所作的,却成了“初唐体”(也叫“唐初体”)诗格的代表。《红楼梦》中林黛玉的《葬花吟》、《桃花行》等,皆摹拟这种初唐诗体,其所作《代别离》一首,还特地标明是“拟《春江花月夜》之格,乃名其词曰《秋窗风雨夕》”。题材不脱风花雪月、儿女之情的吟咏,是这类诗的特征之一。但此诗中无论写春江月夜景色,或抒离别相思情怀,都已经涤净了宫体诗中那种色情的、不健康的成份。其中如“江畔何人初见月?江月何年初照人?人生代代无穷已,江月年年望相似”等,表现江畔行吟诗人面对大自然奥秘,进行思索而发的诘问,更是完全与宫体绝缘。它上承《楚辞·天问》,下启李白(如《把酒问月》谓“青天有月来几时?我今停杯一问之”、“今人不见古时月,今月曾经照古人。古人今人若流水,共看明月皆如此”等皆是)、苏轼(如《水调歌头》:“明月几时有,把酒问青天”),说明唐诗正在脱离前朝遗风的母胎而开始呈现自己的面目。初唐体是一种比较浅俗、易被多数人接受的诗体,有点象流行的抒情歌曲。它很少用深僻的史事典故,诗的主题思想也比较单一。即如此诗所写,只是感叹良宵美景之中,有情人多因离别,不能团圆。所以它在表现方法上吸取了南朝民歌的某些技巧,又喜欢铺陈渲染,蝉联复叠,再三咏叹。有时,一个意思用偶句加强,如“空里流霜不觉飞,汀上白沙看不见”、“玉户帘中卷不去,捣衣砧上拂还来”。有时,则用对照或递进,如“谁家今夜扁舟子?何处相思明月楼”、“江水流春去欲尽,江潭落月复西斜”等等,而诗题中的主体事物,则有意地让它不断地重复出现。如“江”字就在诗中出现了十二次,“月”字出现了十四次。此外就是押韵,喜欢四句一转,平声转仄,仄声转平;转韵时的第一句都入韵,每一韵就象是一个小节。这些特点,都对后来的诗歌产生了明显的影响。

回答2:

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