终极回答驾到。
请看上海译文出版社版,已故英语泰斗、复旦大学葛传槼教授编著《英语惯用法词典》第68页相关的解释:
I asked him a uestion比I asked a uestion of him普通。I have a uestion to as (of) you里的of可有可无。
结论:想表达“我能问你一个问题吗”,Can I ask a uestion for/to you都不对,只能说Can I ask you a uestion或Can I ask a uestion of you。