(1)水吸收的热量:Q吸=cm(t-t0)=4.2×103J/(kg?℃)×2kg×(100℃-20℃)=6.72×105J;(2)∵Q吸=Q放×70%=m酒精q×70%,∴需燃烧酒精的质量:m酒精= Q吸 q×70% = 6.72×105J 3.0×107J/kg×70% =0.032kg=32g.答:水需要吸收6.72×105J的热量,需燃烧32g的酒精.