推荐回答(4个)
是盲人音乐家啊柄吧.
他叫华彦钧人称阿炳,江苏无锡人。父名华清和,是无锡洞虚宫道观偏殿雷尊殿的当家道士,精于道教音乐,会演奏多种民间乐器。阿炳从小受到父亲的严格训练,学会了演奏笛子、琵琶、二胡、鼓等乐器,15~16岁已成为无锡道教界一名出色的乐师。1918年左右,华清和去世,阿炳继为雷尊殿当家道士。这时他对民歌、戏曲等有着强烈的爱好和追求,拜了不少民间艺人为老师,学习、掌握了大量民间音乐,这对他以后创作特点及演奏风格的形成有重要影响。约1928年,阿炳双目失明,时人称其为“瞎子阿炳”。由于社会动乱,道产亦变卖殆尽,阿炳开始了流浪卖艺生涯。他的大部分器乐作品出于这个时期。“九一八”、“一二八”事变后,在全国掀起的抗日救亡运动影响下,阿炳常常在无锡崇安寺等地演奏救亡歌曲,编唱时事新闻等。阿炳的流浪生活,使他大量接触到江苏南部的民歌小调、丝竹乐、锣鼓乐、锡剧等,对他的创作提供了大量新鲜而生动的素材。但阿炳的创作不是这些民间音调的简单组合,而是创造性地加以丰富、发展而有别于当时的民间音乐。他所创作的3首二胡曲:《寒春风曲》约成于20年代末,《听松》约作于30年代初,《二泉映月》约作于30年代末。这些作品表达了阿炳对辛酸的现实生活的沉思,也寄托了阿炳对生活的热爱和憧憬。阿炳留下的3首琵琶曲,即《昭君出塞》、《大浪淘沙》和《龙船》。
阿炳的二胡演奏细腻深刻,深朴苍劲,多以短弓见长,滑音的演奏给旋律增添了独特的韵味;在琵琶演奏上,他也有很深造诣,左手触弦坚实、右手以大指开板为特点,气质淳直、粗犷健朗。阿炳以自己的创作、演奏(包括编唱新曲),鲜明地反映了当时的社会生活现实,表现了被压迫阶层在旧社会的思想感情和生活愿望。
阿炳创作与演奏的器乐曲数量较多,但大多已散佚,中华人民共和国成立之初,抢录了他的3首二胡曲和3首琵琶曲,辑有《阿炳曲集》。
华彦钧(1893-1950)
华彦钧,小名阿炳,1893年8月20日生于无锡市。父亲华清和是雷尊殿的当家道士,擅长鼓、笛、笙、箫各种乐器,尤其是精通琵琶。母亲原是秦姓人家寡妇,因受到原来夫家的欺凌,她在阿炳四岁时就抑郁而死。
阿炳五岁,就跟随父亲在雷尊殿当小道士,并且学习各种乐器演奏。他冬天用冰块摩擦双手,锻炼弹琵琶的指弓;夏夜,为了避免蚊咬,双脚浸在水里习拉二胡。他迎着晨风吹笛,用铁筷子敲打方砖,练习鼓点、板眼,还经常跟着父亲出外拜忏、诵经、奏乐,众多的道家音乐活动,使他的音乐技艺超群出众。
无锡解放,阿炳获得新生。1950年,无锡市举行一个文艺晚会,阿炳平生第一次登上舞台表演二胡独奏,听众报以经久不息的掌声。这年暑假,中央音乐学院杨荫浏、曹安和教授等返锡度假,为他录制了《二泉映月》、《听松》、《寒春风曲》三首二胡曲和《昭曲出塞》、《龙船》、《大浪淘沙》三首琵琶曲。正当他的艺术受到人民重视之际,几十年旧社会痛苦生活给他的折磨,却夺去了他的健康,1950年12月2日因肺病复发,他不幸病逝,终年57岁。
阿炳一生从事民间音乐的演奏、创作,他所创作、改编、承袭的乐曲约有二、三百首之多,可惜绝大部分均已佚失。中央音乐学院中国音乐研究所编有《阿炳曲集》,收录了了录制下来仅存于世的六首乐曲,给人类留下了一份极其珍贵的音乐遗产。
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