推荐回答(2个)
体积吸水率计算公式:W质=W体·ρ0。材料在水中能吸收水分的性质称为吸水性,常用吸水率表示。用材料吸入水的质量与材料干质量之比表示的吸水率称质量吸水率,以Wm表示;而材料吸入水的体积与材料自然状态下体积比称为体积吸水率,以Wv表示。
是表示物体在正常大气压下吸水程度的物理量,用百分率来表示。
地质工作中:①测定岩石吸水率的目的,是为评价某些建筑材料矿产的质量、为矿山开采设计以及解决有关工程地质等问题提供资料依据。岩石吸水率主要决定于孔隙度的大小。
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通过加料漏斗加入到玻璃细孔板上(试样堆成圆锥体形),同时开动秒表,记录不同时间玻璃毛细管内刻度的读数(毫升)。测定的时间如下:15秒、30秒、45秒、1分、2分、5分、10分、20分、30分、60分、90分、120分。
物质吸水性的量度。指在一定温度下把物质在水中浸泡一定时间所增加的重量百分率。
吸水率是指石材在标准大气压力下吸水的能力。以石材所吸收的水份来量测,并以百分数表示之。石材的吸水率是由其中空隙的数量和大小、颗粒相互排列的方式。
石材是否容易潮湿、和从空隙中排除空气的情况等因素而定。吸水率愈小石材愈紧密坚硬,例如坚硬的火成岩其吸水率往往不超过1%,一些密实的沉积岩为3%左右,一些疏松的沉积岩则常达8%或8%以上。石材的吸水率愈大,则其工程性质就愈差。
火成岩的吸水率可以说是非常低,水尚可由侵入石材中毛细管的侵入面传到另一面。我们常可看到石材表面不均匀的濡湿现象,就是此种毛细管作用的典型。通常,火成岩的毛细管系沿着长石以及橄榄石、辉石、角闪石、黑云母等之类所含的铁及镁等矿物之接触点及界面裂面而生成。
量测吸水率时可以准备五块石材,每块体积约为五十立方公分,先将尘土清除掉,加以完全干燥,然后再称其重量。重量获得后,再把它放在量筒、洗涤器或其他容器之内,用水淹至试样四分一的高度,浸二小时后;加水到试样二分一的高度,再浸三小时后。
再加水淹到试样四分三的高度,直到试样完全被水淹没;再令试样在水中放置二十四小时,然后取出,用布轻轻擦干并称量之,即可按下列公式将石材的吸水率求出:
W=(B-G)/G×100%式中 W为吸水率,以百分率表示之,G为试样干燥后的重量,以公克为单位,B 为试样饱含水份以后的重量,以公克为单位。
材料在水中能吸收水分的性质称为吸水性。材料的吸水性用吸水率表示,吸水率有质量吸水率和体积吸水率两种表示方法。
A. 质量吸水率Wm:是指材料吸水饱和时,所吸收水分的质量占干燥材料质量的百分数,用下式表示:
式中 Wm——质量吸水率,%;
mg——材料在干燥状态下的质量,g;
mb——材料在吸水饱和状态下的质量,g。
B. 体积吸水率Wv:是指材料吸水饱和时,所吸水分的体积占干燥材料体积的百分数,用下式表示:
式中 Wv——体积吸水率,%;
Vg’——干燥材料体积,cm3;
ρw——水的密度,g/cm3。
其他符号意义同前
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