如何提高中学生的数学运算能力?

2025-03-13 03:48:59
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

1、兴趣引路,提升运算欲望

要培养学生的运算能力,教师首先要激发学生的运算兴趣,使学生乐于运算。我以介绍中外数学家的典型事例、在运算题的教学中创设学生感兴趣的情境、开展运算比赛活动等形式来激发学生运算的兴趣,收到了比较好的效果。同时,改善评价的方法,像分小组竞赛、个人加分、评选运算标兵、运算不出错的免去当天晚上的家庭作业等方法,也确实调动了学生的积极性,使他们在整个数学学习过程中产生了不同的感受。当运算出现错误时,学生会产生自责感;当自己找到错误的原因时,他们会有喜悦感;当运算正确时,他们会产生成功感;当连续几次正确率在100%时,他们会产生自豪感??这些不同的感受都会从他们的言行中表现出来,更加增强了他们正确运算的欲望。

2、训练口算,提高运算能力

算是估算和笔算的基础。口算的速度、正确与否直接影响到运算能力的提高。我们在练口算时,要注重引导学生理解口算的算理,坚持做到“节节有口算,天天练口算”,使学生逐步达到熟练的程度。我们在每次训练中都有明确的目的、恰当的要求,注重形式的多样性,较好地激发了学生练口算的积极性。

3、优化策略,强化运算方法

在教学中,教师要做好必要的引导与示范。首先要弄清算理。运算教学最忌讳重结果轻思维、重法则轻算理的做法。在教学中,我始终坚持不仅让学生知道怎样算,而且让他们知道为什么这样算。这样,既使学生明白了算理,又能把所学知识前后融会贯通。其次,要培养学生科学有效的思考方法。科学有效的思考方法不仅可以节省时间,而且能提高运算的准确率。训练时,我让学生看题目,想算法,选择正确科学的运算方法;做完后,让学生交流自己的思维过程,并给予及时纠正和补充,从而让学生学会科学的运算方法。同时,我将运算题型进行归类,让学生一天练一个类型,隔天巩固练一题。这样有的放矢,进行有针对性的练习,有利于学生掌握运算方法,形成运算技能。

4、日常入手,培养运算习惯

良好的运算习惯是提高运算正确率的前提和保证。因此,教师要注意培养学生养成良好的运算习惯。首先,教师要教育学生作业认真、仔细、书写整洁,对运算的结果自觉检查。必须注意,课堂运算时,教师绝对不要提“看谁算得快”的要求;否则,学生往往是只图快,不求对,久而久之,容易养成不良的习惯。其次,教师要做好表率。平时板书、批改作业时,字迹一定要规范整洁,以便对学生起到潜移默化的作用。第三,要提出明确的要求,发动家长做好配合。如在家庭作业中,发现孩子有错题,可让家长帮助孩子找到错误的原因,再订正到纠错本上。

培养学生的运算能力,并不是一朝一夕的事。只要我们善于做运算教学的有心人,就能有效地提高学生的运算能力,为学生的数学学习插上腾飞的翅膀。

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