推荐回答(2个)
历史学研究是创新性的工作。历史学家要创新,必须具备某些特定的素质。历史学青年研究人员群体是否具备当代中国历史学家的基本素质,是一个关系到我国历史学科未来发展,以及在国际历史学界地位的大问题。笔者在结合今天的实际,学习、分析、总结老一辈史学大家的基本素质时体会到,对于我们这些后来者,也许主要应该从以下四个方面培养自己的基本素质。
一、马克思主义理论素养。这里又包括四个要素,缺一不可:一是系统地阅读马克思主义的基本著作;二是掌握马克思主义的基本原理、精神实质;三是具有运用马克思主义基本原理分析问题和解决问题的能力;四是能够正确处理坚持马克思主义与发展马克思主义之间的关系。做到这四点,非常不容易,需要研究机构和学者本人长期不懈的努力。
二、丰富的知识积累。历史学是一门特别强调基础知识的学科,之所以许多历史学家都是大器晚成,就是因为知识积累需要时间,需要漫长的时间。特别需要指出的是,对于一个希望具有较强的创新能力、能够成为史学大家的学者来说,需要积累的知识应该包括三个方面:一是历史学知识。这里不仅仅是自己研究方向、研究领域的专门知识,比如秦汉史知识、英国中世纪史知识,而且应该包括整个历史学研究领域的基本知识,比如中国史知识、外国史知识、考古学知识,等等。二是历史学之外的人文社会科学学科知识和自然科学知识。这种跨学科知识,是构建历史学家广阔的思考平台,形成历史学家开阔的学术视野的必要条件。三是当代社会政治、经济、文化实践方面的知识。这要求历史学家不要把自己锁进象牙之塔,与世隔绝,而应该关心现实,关心人类社会和自然界现实的发展友没和变化。古人云:“风声雨声读书声,声声入耳;家事国事天下事,事事关心。”这是个优良的传统。对现实的了解和关注,是历史学家治史的不可缺少的动力之源、灵感之源,更是治史目的正确性的重要保障。
三、发现问题、探索问题和解决问题的能力。历史学家的工作是在两个方面创新:一是新的重碰棚要史实的发现、梳理;二是对重要问题新的、有说服力的解释。这要求历史学家具有下述基本素质:(1)较强的逻辑思维能力。做学问,要有清晰的思路、明确的概念、严谨的表述,这是基本要求。目前,我们的教育体系缺少对学生逻辑思维能力的系统训练。我们有些年轻学者在这好吵纳方面很欠缺,说话、写文章逻辑混乱。(2)较强的联想能力。历史的舞台无限广阔,历史现象之间的关系无比丰富复杂。
博览群书 熟悉历史典籍 了解不同流派的漏侍空著作返瞎实事求是还历史以本来面目不美化,不掩谈兄盖 ,不篡改,不盲从前人和某一流派的观点,不以当政者的喜好歪曲历史,不以自己的好恶来书写历史
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