什么是英语同位语从句?

2025-03-03 20:25:57
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。

一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。

1、名词作同位语

Mr Wang,my child’s teacher,will be visiting us on Tuesday.

王先生,我孩子的老师,星期二要来看我们。(在这里'my child's teacher'做同位语修饰'Mr Wang')

2、短语作同位语

I,the oldest girl in the family,always had to care for the other children.

我,作为家里最大的女孩,总是要照料家中的其他孩子。

3、直接引语作同位语

But now the question comes to their minds,“Did she die young because she was a clone?”

但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题:“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗?”

4、句子作同位语

The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.

巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖,让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。

5、固定用法

1)在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

2)可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility,decision等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。

3)英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,whether,连接代词what,who。连接副词how,when,where等。(注:if不能引导同位语从句。)

4)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。

扩展资料:

相关语法:

1、位置

1)一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message等)的后面,用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he can't visit you this afternoon.

我从王先生那边得知一个消息,他说他今天下午可能不能来看你了。

2)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而被别的词语隔开,在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.

她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。

3)形式

同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式,并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come?

你在哪儿听说我不能来?

4)语气

在suggestion,advice,request,order等意为“建议;命令;要求”的名词后,同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,句中的should可以省略。

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.

老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。

参考资料:

百度百科-同位语从句

回答2:

在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一,也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时,应注意以下五个方面:
  一、同位语从句在句中的位置
  1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等)的后面,用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如:
  The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
  I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息,他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
  2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而被别的词语隔开,在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如:
  The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
  The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again.据说他高考又落榜了。
  二、同位语从句前名词的数
  同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式,并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。例如:
  Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?
  Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.答应我,你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会。
  三、同位语从句连接词的选用
  在英语中,引导同位语从句的词通常有连词(that, who, whether),连接副词(how, when, where)等。例如:
  They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
  The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该做这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
  We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我们还没有决定到什么地方去度暑假。
  注:在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接;在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如:
  We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。
  There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.我们相信张伟会守信的。
  同位语从句:that
  有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句:
  We came to the decision that we must act at once.我们做出决定:我们必须立即行动。
  He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.他提议会议延期。
  There was little hope that he would survive.他幸存的希望很小。
  以下名词常用于以上句型:
  advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word
  同位语从句:whether
  whether可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用whether作为引导词。
  He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有做出决定是否去那里。
  I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。
  同位语从句:what
  what可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用what作为引导词
  I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他现在在干什么。
  同位语从句:how
  how可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用how作为引导词
  It's a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
  同位语从句:who等
  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导同位语从句
  The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
  She raised the question where we could get the fund.她提出这个问题:我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。
  四、同位语从句的语气
  在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议;命令;要求”的名词后,同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,句中的should可以省略。例如:
  Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
  The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。
  The government gave the order that all these houses (should) be pulled down in three weeks.政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。
  五、同位语从句与定语从句的用法区别
  同位语从句和定语从句的区别(1)
  同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系;而定语从句是用来修饰先行词,是从属的关系。
  同位语从句和定语从句的区别(2)
  that在同位语从句中没有词义,不充当句子成分;而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。
  同位语从句和定语从句的区别(3)
  whether, what, how可以用来引导同位语从句;而它们不能用来引导定语从句。
  同位语从句和定语从句的区别(4)
  一从词义角度看问题
  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导同位语从句是保持原来疑问词的含义;它们用来引导定语从句时,不具有疑问词的含义。
  二从搭配角度看问题
  who, whom, which, when, where, why用来引导定语从句时对应性很强,如:
  先行词是“人”,引导词用“who”等,而它们引导同位语从句是先行词通常是“question, idea, doubt等”。

回答3:

同位语从句常放在部分名称后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释说明。同位语从句大多由that 引导,也可以由when /where /how /等引导,具体的例如:The idea that one can do the work without thinging is wrong . 这就是同位语从句,that 在从句中无意义,从句只是具体说明idea的内容,从句是完整的句子,不缺成分。而The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong . 就不是,而是定语从句,idea 作put forward 的宾语。

回答4:

同位语从句,指的是在复杂句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对其前面的名词的内在属性或本质内容进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句通常以when,where,why,who,how,that, whether等连接词来引导。

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