除去粗盐中可溶性的氯化钙,氯化镁,硫酸钠等杂质,应加入什么试剂?加入试剂的先后顺序是什么?

2024-12-02 23:30:14
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

顺序:1.先将粗盐溶于水中,配制成溶液,而后依次加入加入过量BaCl2(去除硫酸根离子),加入过量NaOH(去除镁离子),加入过量Na2CO3(去除钙离子及BaCl2中的钡离子),而后过滤,再向滤液中加入盐酸(除去过量NaOH与Na2CO3),最后加热使过量盐酸逸出并蒸发水,使食盐结晶。
离子方程式:(Ba2+)+(SO4)2-BaSO4
(Mg2+)+2OH-=Mg(OH)2
(Ca2+)+CO32-=CaCO3
(Ba2+)+CO32-=BaCO3
(H+)+(OH-)=H2O
2(H+)+(CO3)2-=H2O+CO2
2.这个办法加的试剂少一点
先将粗盐溶于水中,配制成溶液,而后依次加入加入过量Ba(OH)2(去除硫酸根离子与镁离子),加入过量Na2CO3(去除钙离子及氢氧化钡中的钡离子),而后过滤,再向滤液中加入盐酸(除去过量氢氧化钡中的氢氧根离子与过量Na2CO3),最后加热使过量盐酸逸出并蒸发水,使食盐结晶。

回答2:

1.向该溶液通入CO2,生成CaCO3 MgCO3沉淀。
Ca2++CO32-=CaCO3
Ba2++CO32-=BaCO3
2.由于通入CO2后溶液时酸性的,所以加入适量Ba(OH)2,除去SO42-.
SO42-+Ba2+=BASO4

回答3:

粗盐中含有Mg2+、Ca2+、SO42-
去除可溶性杂质:
溶解
加入过量BaCl2(去除硫酸根离子)SO42-+Ba2+=BASO4
加入过量NaOH(去除镁离子)Mg2++2OH-=Mg(OH)2
加入过量Na2CO3(去除钙离子及BaCl2中的钡离子) Ca2++CO32-=CaCO3
Ba2++CO32-=BaCO3
过滤
往滤液中加入适量HCl(除去过量NaOH,可用pH试纸控制加入的量)
蒸发,结晶

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