推荐回答（3个）
首先，我们来确认一下营养的含义，食物所含的养分，生物从外界摄取养料滋补身体以维持其生命。营养学家对营养所作的解释是：食物中的营养素和其他物质间的相互作用与平衡对健康和疾病的关系，以及机体摄食、消化、吸收、转运、利用和排泄物质的过程（以上资料由百度百科提供）。
所以，我觉得，各种营养素的平衡及与疾病的关系我们不谈，因为所涉及的因素太多。
就单以营养素的种类及比例来做出比较：
大米：1、淀粉：大米中含淀粉62％～86％，蛋白质含量为6%-9%之间，脂类含量约0.6-3.9%，水分含量基本在13%-16%之间以及少量的氨基酸，维生素等。
小麦：70%的碳水化合物，9%～14%的蛋白，2%的脂肪，1.8%的矿物质及12%的食用纤维，及少量氨基酸，维生素等。
玉米：由于玉米种类较多，各种玉米之间的差异也较大，以普通玉米为例，每100克玉米中含:蛋白质85克，脂肪4.3克，钙22毫克，磷120毫克，铁1.6毫克，维生素B1B2，维生素E，维生素A原（胡萝卜素），烟酸和微量元素硒、镁等；其胚芽含52％不饱和脂肪酸，是精米精面的4—5倍；玉米油富含维生素
E、维生素
A、卵磷脂及镁等含亚油酸高达
50％。
由此看来，主食之中以玉米的营养价值最高。
你好！
大米营养价值和营养素含量：
大米中各种营养素含量虽不是很高，但因人们食用量大，故其也具有很高营养功效，是补充营养素的基础食物；米粥具有补脾、和胃、清肺功效。
热量
(343.00千卡)
维生素b6
(0.20毫克)
蛋白质
(7.70克)
维生素b12
(20.00微克)
脂肪
(0.60克)
泛酸
(0.60毫克)
碳水化合物
(76.80克)
叶酸
(3.80微克)
膳食纤维
(0.60克)
生物素
(220.00微克)
硫胺素
(0.33毫克)
核黄素
(0.08毫克)
尼克酸
(1.50毫克)
维生素c
(8.00毫克)
维生素e
(1.01毫克)
钙
(11.00毫克)
磷
(121.00毫克)
钾
(97.00毫克)
钠
(2.40毫克)
碘
(2.30微克)
镁
(34.00毫克)
铁
(1.10毫克)
锌
(1.45毫克)
硒
(2.50微克)
铜
(0.19毫克)
谢谢！
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