推荐回答(5个)
证明如下:
设函数f(x)在数集A上有定义,如果存在常数M>0,使得对任意x,有|f(x)|
例如,函数
在其定义域
内有界,这是因为对任意
总有
再如,函数
在其定义域
内是无界的,这是因为对任意的实数
总存在点
显然
使得
然而,对任意实数
函数
在定义域的子集
上却是有界的,这是因为对任意
总有
于是便可取实数
使得
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F1e30e924b899a90196a95b8c13950a7b0308f5e8%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fa9d3fd1f4134970a405312959bcad1c8a7865d63%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
扩展资料
关于函数的有界性:
(1)函数在某区间上不是有界就是无界,二者必属其一。
(2)从几何学的角度很容易判别一个函数是否有界.如果找不到两条与x轴平行的直线使得函数的图形介于它们之间,那么函数一定是无界的。
如函数:
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fd62a6059252dd42a26c102110d3b5bb5c8eab8bb%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
证明有界的思路是:存在一个正数M,使对所有x,满足|f(x)|
设函数f(x)的定义域为D,f(x)在集合D上有定义。
如果存在数K1,使得 f(x)≤K1对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数f(x)在D上有上界。
反之,如果存在数字K2,使得 f(x)≥K2对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数f(x)在D上有下界,而K2称为函数f(x)在D上的一个下界。
如果存在正数M,使得 |f(x)|≤M 对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数在D上有界。如果这样的M不存在,就称函数f(x)在D上无界;等价于,无论对于任何正数M,总存在x1属于X,使得|f(x1)|>M,那么函数f(x)在X上无界。
此外,函数f(x)在X上有界的充分必要条件是它在X上既有上界也有下界。
扩展资料
一、注意:
1、函数在某区间上,要么有界要么无界,二者必属其一;
2、从几何学的角度很容易判别一个函数是否有界.如果找不到两条与x轴平行的直线使得函数的图形介于它们之间,那么函数一定是无界的。
二、相关应用:
例:讨论下列函数的有界性:
由于对一切
都有
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F241f95cad1c8a786189ea4aa6909c93d71cf50da%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
所以
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fb8389b504fc2d56218bf3e49e91190ef77c66cdb%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
在
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F8694a4c27d1ed21be47dc041a36eddc450da3fda%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
上是有界函数。
证明有界的思路是:存在一个正数M,使对所有x,满足|f(x)|
证明无界的思路是:对任意正数M,总存在x,使得|f(x)|>M。
若存在两个A和B,对一切x∈Df恒有A≤f(x)≤B,则称函数y=f(x)在Df内是有界函数,否则为无界函数。
f(x)=1/(1+x2)
x→0 f(x)→1
x→∞ f(x)→0
0≤f(x)≤1 所以 函数y=f(x)在Df内是有界函数。
一般来说,连续函数在闭区间具有有界性。 例如: y=x+6在[1,2]上有最小值7,最大值8,所以说它的函数值在7和8之间变化,是有界的,所以具有有界性。但正切函数在有意义区间,比如(-π/2,π/2)内则无界。
sinx,cosx,sin(1/x),cos(1/x), arcsinx,arccosx,arctanx,arccotx是常见的有界函数。
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F7aec54e736d12f2ed8e5baf64fc2d56284356847%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
扩展资料:
如果存在数K1,使得 f(x)≤K1对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数f(x)在D上有上界。
反之,如果存在数字K2,使得 f(x)≥K2对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数f(x)在D上有下界,而K2称为函数f(x)在D上的一个下界。
如果存在正数M,使得 |f(x)|≤M 对任意x∈D都成立,则称函数在D上有界。如果这样的M不存在,就称函数f(x)在D上无界;等价于,无论对于任何正数M,总存在x1属于X,使得|f(x1)|>M,那么函数f(x)在X上无界。
证明如下:
设函数f(x)在数集A上有定义,如果存在常数M>0,使得对任意x,有|f(x)|
例如,函数
在其定义域
内有界,这是因为对任意
总有
再如,函数
在其定义域
内是无界的,这是因为对任意的实数
总存在点
显然
使得
然而,对任意实数
函数
在定义域的子集
上却是有界的,这是因为对任意
总有
于是便可取实数
使得
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F1e30e924b899a90196a95b8c13950a7b0308f5e8%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fa9d3fd1f4134970a405312959bcad1c8a7865d63%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
扩展资料
关于函数的有界性:
(1)函数在某区间上不是有界就是无界,二者必属其一。
(2)从几何学的角度很容易判别一个函数是否有界.如果找不到两条与x轴平行的直线使得函数的图形介于它们之间,那么函数一定是无界的。
如函数:
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fd62a6059252dd42a26c102110d3b5bb5c8eab8bb%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
定义:若存在两个A和B,对一切x∈Df恒有A≤f(x)≤B,则称函数y=f(x)在Df内是有界函数,否则为无界函数.
f(x)=1/(1+x2)
x→0 f(x)→1
x→∞ f(x)→0
0≤f(x)≤1 所以 函数y=f(x)在Df内是有界函数
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