为什么水分进入木材后,首先成为吸附水,然后成为自由水?

2025-02-14 00:51:39
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

。。。没分也答,献一份爱心吧。简单说吧:结合水存在于微毛细管中,微毛细管直径很小,对水有较强的束缚力(无定形区中的羟基易与水形成“氢键结合”),而自由水以近似液态水形态存在,因此除去吸着水需要比除去自由水要消耗更多的能量。所以结合水较易形成,而自由水较易解吸。

补充:这里详细描述你所说的水分解吸过程(含水率低于纤维饱和点)吧,此时木材内不含自由水,所有细胞腔内皆充满空气。

1)木材表面水分的蒸发,其内部就会形成含水率梯度,在其作用下,水蒸汽开始沿着细胞腔并通过纹孔及纹孔膜上的小孔向外扩散。

2)因毛细管的作用,吸着水沿着细胞壁内微毛细管系统的移动。由于木材表面水分的蒸发,使表面部位毛细管的张力变大,张力差异促使吸着水分移动。

3)蒸汽状态与液体状态不断地相互交替,亦即沿着邻近的细胞壁内的微毛细管与细胞腔形成的大毛细管之间,呈水蒸汽或液态水相互交替式的移动。

回答2:

结合水是水在生物体和细胞内的存在状态之一,是吸附和结合在有机固体物质上的水,主要是依靠氢键与蛋白质的极性基(羧基和氨基)相结合形成的水胶体。
水分子是极性分子,细胞内部一部分水主要以氢键的形式与蛋白质,多糖、磷脂等固体物质相结合,这部分水不蒸发、不能析离,失去了流动性和溶解性,是生物体的构成物。如心脏……

吸附水(Absorption Water)即结合水或束缚水。
测定初水后的饲料、经自然风干的饲料或谷物饲料(一般含14%左右的吸附水),放入称量皿中,在100-105℃烘箱内烘干2――3小时后取出,放入干燥器中冷却30分钟,再重复烘干1小时,待两次称重小于0.002g时,即为恒重,失去的重量为吸附水。

自由水

(free water)不被植物细胞内胶体颗粒或大分子所吸附、能自由移动、并起溶剂作用的水。水在细胞中以自由水与束缚水两种状态存在,由于存在状态不同,其特性也不同。因此,在细胞中所起的作用各异。由于两者的比例不同,会影响到原生质的物理性质,进而影响代谢的强度。自由水占总含水量的比例越大,使原生质的粘度越小,且呈溶胶状态,代谢也愈旺盛。

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