诗圣杜甫是怎么死的?

诗圣杜甫是怎么死的?具体点。
2025-01-22 16:43:03
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

768年(唐大历三年)冬,携妻儿乘船离川至岳阳。次年春舟居潭州(今长沙)。770年(唐大历五年)4月,湖南兵马使臧玠举兵为乱。为避战火,杜甫半夜溯湘江往郴州投靠就舅父崔伟。船至耒阳方田驿,遇大水不能前行,半旬不得食物。耒阳县令闻之送予牛肉白酒。杜甫掉转船头返长沙居江阁。暮秋思归故里,孤舟入洞庭。因重疾复发,费资用尽,只得溯汨罗江往昌江县(今平江)投友求医。不幸病逝于县治寓所,葬于小田天井湖。其子宗武、孙嗣业留下守墓,杜氏自此繁衍,一脉相传。

回答2:

肃宗上元元年(760)至代宗大历五年(770)11年内,杜甫在蜀中八年,荆、湘三年。760年春,他在成都浣花溪畔建草堂,并断续住了五年。其间曾因乱流亡梓、阆二州。765年,严武去世,杜甫失去凭依,举家离开成都。因病滞留云安,次年暮春迁往夔州。768年出峡,辗转江陵、公安,于年底达岳阳。他生活的最后二年,居无定所。飘泊于岳阳、长沙、衡阳、耒阳之间,时间多在船上度过。770年冬,杜甫死于长沙到岳阳的船上,年59岁。

回答3:

杜甫起初在长安的几年,由于得不到任用,后来加之父亲去世,失去了固定的经济来源,导致生活陷于困顿,他有个族孙杜济住在长安城南郊,为了叨扰一顿饭吃,他每每前去走动,但这位族孙生活也不宽绰,见长辈来了,心里老大的不乐,嘴上不好说什么,却在行动上表现出来:打井水淘米,使劲摆动水桶,把水搅得挺浑;到园中砍菜,放手乱砍一气。杜甫对此感慨万分,作《示从孙济》“平明跨驴出,未知适谁门。权门多噂杳,且复寻诸孙。小人利口实,薄俗难具论。所来为宗族,亦不为盘飧。勿受外嫌猜,同姓古所敦”便是遭遇“宗族”冷落后凄凉心境的表露。 当然也不乏好友相助。有一次杜甫闹疟疾,被折腾得面黄肌瘦,头白眼花,差点要了命。大病初愈,他拄着拐杖出门散心,不知不觉来到王倚家门口。王倚见杜甫这般模样,十分同情,买肉买酒,热情地招待了他。杜甫作诗《病后过王倚饮赠歌》表示感激:“但使残年饱饭,只愿无事长相见。” 其实从那时起,杜甫就有意无意地过起了到处乞讨的日子。其诗《投简咸华两县诸子》“饥卧动即向一旬,敝衣何啻联百结”便是他这段长安生活的真实写照。《云仙杂记·夜飞蝉》引《放怀集》:“杜甫每朋友至,引见妻子。韦侍御见而退,使其妇送夜飞蝉,以助妆饰。”丈夫穷困,老婆自然也是一幅寒酸相,杜甫自己还不觉得,倒是客人实在看不过眼,叫夫人送了一个头上装饰品过来。 后来杜甫被迫离开长安,流落到了到成都,一家人先是借住在浣花溪畔的一座古寺里,家里都揭不开锅了。杜甫自己有所记载:“入门依旧四壁空,老妻睹我颜色同,痴儿不知父子礼,叫怒索饭啼门东。”小儿饿得实在是扛不住了,也就顾不得父子之礼,冲着父亲一阵怒吼,叫他赶快到邻居那里去讨口饭回来吃。没有办法,当过几天小官的杜甫实在拉不下面子,只好硬着头皮,拉下面子,给老乡、彭州刺史高适发出求援信:“百年已过半,秋至转饥寒。为问彭州牧,何时救急难?”高适从百里之外背米来接济他,邻里又送他些小菜,使他免却了无米之炊的困苦。杜甫有诗为证:“古寺僧牢落,空房客寓居。故人供禄米,邻舍与园蔬。” 镇蜀的剑南节度使严武慕杜甫之名,举荐其为检校工部员外郎,杜工部就是这样来的。朋友尹裴冕还为他在浣花溪上游选择了一块风景不错的地方修建了一座茅屋,就是我们现在看到的杜甫草堂。 公元765年,严武病故后一个月,杜甫携妻儿乘船东下,离开了成都。六年后,据《旧唐书·文苑本传》:“乃溯沿湘流,游衡山,寓居耒阳。甫尝游岳庙,为暴水所阻,旬日不得食。耒阳令知之,自棹舟迎甫而还。永泰二年,啖牛肉白酒,一夕而卒于耒阳,时年五十有九。”大致情况是,离开四川后的杜甫客居湖南,由于被突然的洪水所围困,连续饿了九天。当地县令用小船将杜甫救了回来,以牛肉白酒招待他,难得饕餮一回的杜甫当晚就因为醉饱过度而辞世了。

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