不是医学著作的是

2025-02-23 10:03:02
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

目前中科院自然科学史研究所联合国内外40多家单位、100多位学者,正在承担《中国大百科全书》第三版科学技术史卷的编纂。项目情况参见:《中国大百科全书》第三版科学技术史卷编撰项目----中国科学院自然科学史研究所。

萨顿的《科学史》和辛格的《技术史》可以作为手边的工具书。库恩的《科学革命的结构》和默顿的《科学社会学》书都是有开创性的作品,可以反复阅读。顺便再推荐默顿的《十七世纪英格兰的科学、技术与社会》,这是默顿的博士论文,探讨了清教主义与科学技术发展的关系,即所谓“默顿命题”,可以和韦伯的《新教伦理与资本主义精神》对着来读。如果对库恩的思想有特别兴趣的朋友,可以读一读《必要的张力》,这是库恩的论文集,讨论了很多比较基础性的问题,比如科学史与科学哲学的关系,历史和科学史的关系,还有几篇反映他在《结构》一书出版前后的思想。

2.科学/技术哲学著作

Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (Popper, Karl)

Technics and Civilization (Mumford, Lewis)

两部在科学/技术史领域影响重大的科学/技术哲学著作。波普尔的思想大家都比较熟悉,很多科普作者都很喜欢用“证伪主义”的理论来讲解“什么是科学”,“可证伪性”(falsifiability)的划界标准就是波普尔在《猜想与反驳》中提出的。实际上证伪主义的观点存在缺陷,也有很多学者对其进行批判(此处推荐一下拉卡托斯《科学研究纲领方法论》,对证伪主义进行了批判和修正),而且说实话,这可是60年代的理论啊……波普尔的理论在中国特别流行,这是个很有趣的问题。感兴趣的可以了解一下波普尔学说在中国的传播情况:波普尔学说在中国的早期传播与影响。希望各位科普达人能与时俱进,不要总拿证伪主义说事儿了。芒福德代表了人文主义的技术哲学传统(卡尔·米切姆《技术哲学概论》),他在《技术与文明》中的主要学术贡献是对以能源和材料为标准对技术史进行分期以及“巨机器”(megamachine)概念的提出。他通过强调技术对人类的约束和控制来反思技术、反思工业社会的发展模式。此书写于30年代,今天他的很多思想已经被广为接受,但是重读他的文字还是能感受到一个哲学家对时代的洞察力。

3.通史性著作

Early Greek Science: Thales to Aristotle (Lloyd, G. E. R.)

The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450 (Lindberg, David C. )

Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times (Kline, Morris)

Die Mechanisierung des Weltbildes (Dijksterhuis, Eduard Jan)

这几部都有中译本,在国内也算是大名鼎鼎:《早期希腊科学》收在哲人石丛书,《西方科学的起源》和《世界图景的机械化》都在张卜天老师的“科学源流译丛”中,《古今数学思想》更不必说。

4.关于科学革命的研究

From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe (Koyré, Alexander)

The Social and Economic Roots of the Scientific Revolution. Texts by Boris Hessen and Henryk Grossmann (Freudenthal, Gideon, McLaughlin, Peter)

Leviathan and the Air Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life (Shapin, Steven, and Simon Schaffer)

“科学革命”研究是科学史界的显学,而上面三部书恰好代表了不同的研究进路。

柯瓦雷的《从封闭世界到无限宇宙》是早期科学思想史的代表,他把科学革命的历史概括为“天球的破碎和宇宙无限化”的历史。柯瓦雷的研究是以文本解读为基础,从中分析概念和思想的演变,非常典型的内史的做法。

回答2:

不是医学著作的是:
文学作品,《红楼梦》、《三国演义》等。
历史作品,《史记》、《大学》等。
农业等其它著作。

回答3:

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