企业书记都面临哪些心理压力道客巴巴

2025-02-06 10:05:10
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

心理压力在一定程度上有助于个体积极主动地适应环境,挑战自我,挖掘潜力,激起创造性,提高效率。但过重或持续的压力则可能损害个体的身心健康,降低效率。根据调查,领导者心理压力主要来源于以下几方面。
1.社会环境因素
后危机时代企业发展环境不佳,市场竞争激烈造成领导者心理压力的比重最高,达到60.9%。社会经济的发展与技术的进步对企业领导者素质提出较高要求,致使领导者产生工作压力的占34.9%。企业经营成本上升、利润下降而引致的心理压力也达到39%。企业的发展需要很多政府部门和社会机构的配合与支持,调查中65.2%的领导者在工作中要经常与各相关部门打交道,其中53.3%的人认为自身社交应酬过多,17.4%的人感觉企业发展缺乏工作资源支持,这两方面因素引致了工作压力。
2.组织因素
目前,有些企业岗位设置不合理,分工不明确。领导者繁重的工作负担影响到正常的管理工作,加重了管理者的心理负荷,如果长期得不到缓解,就会引起心理疾病。调查显示,“工作本身需要协调的关系过多”(65.2%)“在企业担负的责任重大”(47.8%)是引起领导者心理压力的两大主要因素。
3.人际关系因素
企业领导者由于工作关系接触范围广,人际关系相对复杂。如果没有和谐的人际关系、融洽的合作氛围,领导者一旦处于孤立无援的境地,就会感到压抑、情绪低落。有47.8%的人感受到社会关系的压力,但从被调查者所在企业内部人际关系看,整体上还比较融洽,只有4.3%的人反映企业内人际关系不佳影响了正常工作的开展,造成了工作压力。
4.职务因素
随着社会各行业的竞争加剧,管理的职责也日趋严格。领导者既要对重大事项作出科学合理的决策,又要向下级交代工作任务;既要处理临时突发性事件,又有许多日常性工作;加上经营风险、资金不足、办事困难、内部协调、时间急迫、处理的资料信息过多等问题,工作的紧迫感常常让领导者面临巨大心理压力。在我们的调查中,因时间急迫形成压力的为43.5%,需要处理的资料信息过多造成压力的为17.4%,由于工作风险大、工作繁琐单调、办事困难造成心理压力的比重皆为8.7%。
5.个人因素
领导者个性特点与其心理压力状况有着密切的关系。过于追求完美,对人和事有绝对化和概念化要求,怕冒风险、怕做决定,对同事武断猜疑、敌对,这些消极的个性特征都是引发心理问题的重要因素。在调查中,有43.5%的人认为自己容易情绪冲动,21.7%的人感觉自己易于焦虑,13%的人认为对下属执行不力的容忍度低,4.3%的被调查者认为当前的工作没有意义。
领导者个人心理失意与挫折感也是引发心理压力的重要原因。领导者遭遇到失意会出现心理不愉快,如果得不到缓解,便会产生紧张和焦虑,严重的能导致心理疾病。调查显示,60.9%的被调查者有着较强的事业成功欲,但是其中57.1%的人认为个人的志向受挫。另外,13%的人觉得工作重点迷失,4.3%的人觉得自己是大材小用。

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