推荐回答（5个）
一、医生通过用红外胶片拍出皮肤的"热谱图"来诊断疾病的道理
人体对红外线的反射和吸收
红外线照射体表后，一部分被反射，另一部分被皮肤吸收。皮肤对红外线的反射程度与色素沉着的状况有关，用波长0.9微米的红外线照射时，无色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约60％；而有色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约40％。长波红外线（波长1.5微米以上）照射时，绝大部分被反射和为浅层皮肤组织吸收，穿透皮肤的深度仅达0.05～2毫米，因而只能作用到皮肤的表层组织；短波红外线（波长1.5微米以内）以及红色光的近红外线部分透入组织最深，穿透深度可达10毫米，能直接作用到皮肤的血管、淋巴管、神经末梢及其他皮下组织。
红外线治疗作用的基础是温热效应。在红外线照射下，组织温度升高，毛细血管扩张，血流加快，物质代谢增强，组织细胞活力及再生能力提高。红外线治疗慢性炎症时，改善血液循环，增加细胞的吞噬功能，消除肿胀，促进炎症消散。红外线可降低神经系统的兴奋性，有镇痛、解除横纹肌和平滑肌痉挛以及促进神经功能恢复等作用。在治疗慢性感染性伤口和慢性溃疡时，改善组织营养，消除肉芽水肿，促进肉芽生长，加快伤口愈合。红外线照射有减少烧伤创面渗出的作用。红外线还经常用于治疗扭挫伤，促进组织肿张和血肿消散以及减轻术后粘连，促进瘢痕软化，减轻瘢痕挛缩等。
二、红外夜视仪的工作原理
对物理稍有了解都知道.光的波长不仅仅为我们目力所见的那麼多.除此以外,还有很多其它的波在我们身旁无处不在.只是单凭我们自身的感官觉查不到而已.
而红外光就是物体所发出超过红色色谱波长的光,几乎所有的物体都会有红外光,也就是热辐射,就连茫茫太空也不例外,据科学家们勘测后认为太空还有宇宙爆炸初期的热辐射存在.
既然我说了世上万物皆有热辐射存在.那我们就可利用这个共性,根据不同的物体温度来关察物体,了解物体.在这里你做个实验:你现在闭上眼睛,用手沿著桌面向显示器的方向摸去,你一定能感到显示器的后半部温度最高.也就是它的热辐射最强,你若用红外线探测镜来观察,就可以很清楚看见它的大致形状.
众所周知,红外线阻击枪上的瞄准仪可在晚上描准对方.也就是因为人体温度同周围的环境温度有著较大的温差.就可很轻易的用它来探测人所在的位置.
生病会引起人体体温异常,医生根据红外胶片拍出热谱图可以了解病人身体不同部位的温度,从而对病症进行判断(同量体温类似)
红外夜视仪,则是在肉眼不可见的黑暗中,通过物体(一般是生命体)不同温度,在热谱上显示出来,从而判断各物体的位置或者运动,这类信号不能直接得到,需要进行处理和判断.
皮肤温度不同的地方,向外辐射红外线强度不同,不同强度的红外线在红外胶片上留下不同痕迹,便形成了"热谱图"
红外夜视仪可以接收物体发出的红外线,不同物体热量不同,辐射红外线强度也不同,便会在夜视仪中显示有区别的图像
无语
物体的温度发生变化时,它向外辐射红外线的强度也发生相应的变化就是原理
同样无语，红外夜视仪就是接收物体发出的红外线再利用传感器转换成可视图像。
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