推荐回答(4个)
公元219年,关羽轻率讨北伐,虽然取得水淹七军,擒于禁,斩庞德的胜利,可是久攻曹仁的樊城不下,陷入了僵局。随后,曹操与孙权结盟,联手夹击关羽。关羽腹背受敌,败于二路援军徐晃之手,后方荆州被江东吕蒙奇袭,进退失据,最后败走麦城。这一段也称之为关羽大意失荆州。他久等没有援兵,从麦城突围,在临沮被东吴大将潘璋手下部将马忠擒获,不久被杀。
有人说,关羽性格孤傲,目中无人,还好大喜功,丢了荆州,并不意外,如果换做马超、赵云,都能守住荆州,真的是这样的吗?依据三国演义,分析如下。(本文纯属三国演义,与正史无关)
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马超
马超在演义中,人称“锦马超”,被曹操称赞“不减吕布当年之勇”,而羌人将其奉为“神威天将军”。他的祖先是伏波将军马援,将门世家。马超第一次出场时年仅十七岁,长安城外连杀原董卓部将王方、李蒙,是一个少年英雄。他在曹操诱杀马腾等一家人后,联合韩遂,起兵反曹,为报父仇。不到十天,马超占领潼关,和曹操大军对峙于渭水两岸。两军相遇,仇人见面分外眼红,马超杀得曹操割须弃袍,渭水射得曹操夺船避箭,两次差点要了曹操的小命。
马超最得意两战是通关外大战虎痴许褚和葭萌关大战张飞。他与虎痴许褚大战230多回合,旗鼓相当,实际上马超略占上风,此时许褚已经到了最强状态“裸衣”了,而马超是正常发挥。许褚和其他人对决,很少“裸衣”,也只有和马超大战时,怕胜不了,才使出“裸衣”技能的。即使“裸衣”,许褚也没打过马超,只是败的不是太惨而已。
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葭萌关前,马超挑战张飞,而刘备看了马超后,感叹:“人言锦马超,名不虚传!”他感觉三弟张飞不一定是马超的对手,因此三番五次拦住想要出战的张飞,直到午后,才让张飞出战。两人大战几百回合,不分胜负,从午后一直打到晚上,点燃火把,进行夜战。
虽然两人是平手,那是在马超被消耗了一上午的情况下,两人才不分胜负的。其实,张飞略占下风,因为刘备在两人对战百回合时,曾鸣金收兵,叫回张飞,休整一番的。
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两马齐出,二枪并举。约战百余合,不分胜负。玄德观之,叹曰:“真虎将也!”恐张飞有失,急鸣金收军。两将各回。张飞回到阵中,略歇马片时,不用头盔,只裹包巾,上马又出阵前搦马超厮杀。
因此,如果马超代替关羽,镇守荆州,将门世家,作战经验丰富(夺取潼关),个人武功高强(略胜许褚和张飞),有很大的概率守住荆州的。
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赵云
赵云,早年跟随公孙瓒,他曾和袁绍手下上将文丑大战五六十回合,不分胜负。他在公孙瓒败亡后,投奔了刘备,在汝南之战中,他打败张郃,秒杀与张郃齐名的高览,救出刘备。赵云最出名的一战是长坂坡之战,只见他左图右进,如入无人之境,救出甘夫人及小阿斗,从容逃出曹营。据统计,这一战,赵云先后斩杀包括夏侯恩在内的五十余员曹将。赵云的武功,镇守荆州已经搓搓有余。
再看看赵云的谋略,赵云一般作为先锋战将,或者保护家眷。前期,赵云很少独立领兵作战,可是他却有其余将领所没有的优点。那就是能够不折不扣地执行主帅交给的任务。如赵云曾保护主公刘备前往江东,迎娶孙尚香。临走前,军师诸葛亮交给赵云三个锦囊,在关键时刻打开,执行即可。
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赵云遵照诸葛亮的吩咐,并没有因为好奇,而提前打开锦囊,也没有忘了打开锦囊,或者自傲地没有打开锦囊。赵云不折不扣地执行诸葛亮交给的任务,在恰当时机打开锦囊,这才使刘备转危为安,让周瑜“赔了夫人又折兵”。
因此,如果赵云代替关羽,镇守荆州,开疆拓土不一定能够办得到,防守还是搓搓有余的。这主要还是因为赵云比较听话,是一个靠得住的大将。如果赵云镇守荆州,应该能够记住诸葛亮临走前留下的“北拒曹操,东和孙权”八字方针,不会轻易北伐,也不会和孙权闹矛盾,尽量交好孙权。只要赵云严格按照诸葛亮的这八字方针,守住荆州是一件很简单的事情。
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结语
如果刘备让马超,或者赵云代替关羽,镇守荆州,是有很大的概率守住的。可惜由于荆州的重要性,刘备是不会放心将它交给除关羽、张飞之外的任意一人的,包括诸葛亮。没办法,谁让关羽、张飞是刘备的结拜兄弟,而其他人不是呢
派法正与赵云。法正的谋略才能上很高的,就连诸葛亮也很敬佩他,甚至认为如果法正在的话,刘备就不会贸然的去攻打东吴。赵云都无武功也很高强,所以两个人一文一武,有很大概率能守住荆州。
如果派遣庞统为军师,赵云为主将就可以守住荆州。关羽丢荆州和败走麦城主要原因就是关羽骄傲自大,而且没有比较好的军事做辅助。诸葛亮临走的时候告诉关羽,只要结交好东吴抵御曹魏就可以了,但是关羽没有听,如果庞统在就不会出现这样的问题。
赵云、魏延可能性比较大。赵云用兵比较谨慎并且听从诸葛亮的对外方针,魏延文韬武略也非常适合。
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