如何推导傅里叶变换中的时移特性和频移特性?

2025-03-16 01:37:19
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

1.时移特性的推导过程:

2.频移特性的推导过程:

傅立叶变换能将满足一定条件的某个函数表示成三角函数(正弦和/或余弦函数)或者它们的积分的线性组合。在不同的研究领域,傅里叶变换具有多种不同的变体形式,如连续傅立叶变换和离散傅立叶变换。最初傅立叶分析是作为热过程的解析分析的工具被提出的。

(1)基本性质——线性性质

线性linear,指量与量之间按比例、成直线的关系,在数学上可以理解为一阶导数为常数的函数;非线性non-linear则指不按比例、不成直线的关系,一阶导数不为常数;两函数之和的傅里叶变换等于各自变换之和。数学描述是:若函数f(x)和g(x)的傅里叶变换mathcal[f]和mathcal[g]都存在,α 和 β 为任意常系数,则mathcal[αf+βg]=α,mathcal[f]+βmathcal[g];傅里叶变换算符mathcal可经归一化成为么正算符;

(2)频移性质

若函数f( x )存在傅里叶变换,则对任意实数ω0,函数f(x) e^{i ωx}也存在傅里叶变换,且有mathcal[f(x)e^{i ωx}]=F(ω+ ω0 )。式中花体 mathcal是傅里叶变换的作用算子,平体F表示变换的结果(复函数),e 为自然对数的底,i 为虚数单位 sqrt。

回答2:

可以这样理解,任意周期信号都是由无数的旋转角速度(ω)不同的旋转向量线性叠加。
时域上乘以复指数函数e^jω0t,相当于所有旋转向量的旋转速度都增加了ω0,旋转角速度变为ω+ω0。

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