中国二十四史中脱脱为什么没有编撰(西夏史)?

个人原因还是民族原因
2025-02-24 18:04:54
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

都不算,应该考虑当时的国情和修史的历史定位首先,编撰《宋史》就耗费了元朝大量精力,别说修几部史书了,这样讲吧,一般修史都是盛世才做的事情,因为工程浩大繁琐,财力国力必须更的上,乱世一般都没这个精力去考虑修史的,比如大唐就修了好几部史书,而前一个朝代结束了都将由后一个朝代修史,对前一个朝代盖棺定论,这是必修课,而在元以前中原正统王朝是宋,修史讲究正统的传承,所以脱脱才修了《宋史》,不会多此一举特地修部西夏史。其次,元朝是不承认西夏是朝代,仅仅认为西夏是王国,达不到修史的资格,因为西夏即时宋的附庸(名义上)也是蒙古的附庸(实际的),而且也只称王,没有称帝,国土面积也限制在边陲弹丸之地,各方面条件都达不到,所以根本没考虑为专门西夏修史。

回答2:

这个问题很复杂……
简单说吧,元世祖忽必烈1279年灭南宋,统一全国,当时就已经打算编修前代的纪传体史书了,问题是元朝实现完全e统一以前的政权很多,元朝自己也搞不清要以哪个朝代为正统王朝。宋朝留下来的资料最多,《宋史》当然要编写,但是宋朝1127年以后就偏安南方了,就是南宋了,而蒙古人又是以北方为基地才征服全国的,所以当时有两种意见,一种意见就准备把两宋列为正统,为两宋各帝修“本纪”,而把辽、金列为“载记”,视作割据政权;另一种意见就认为南宋也是割据政权,准备把辽、金的历史编成“北史”,而把南宋当作“南史”。蒙古人当时观念跟中国传统距离很大,闹不清谁是“正统“,编写正史的事情就搁下来了。到元顺帝即位,脱脱做了宰相,再提起这件事,当时西夏亡国已经100多年了,而且蒙古人也很清楚西夏国家小,人口少,原始史料也少,而且当时还有一个高丽国在东北,总不能都修成正史,都立本纪吧?所以就把西夏的历史附记在《宋》、《辽》、《金》三史里,而没有专门为它写一部《西夏史》了。
其实,这也就是在元朝,才为辽、金编了正史。如果当时是汉族王朝,一定是把辽、金当作割据政权,不要说是《西夏史》了,连《辽史》、《金史》都不会有!蒙古人起自北方草原,为辽、金编修了正史,但是就委屈了西夏了……

回答3:

公元1033年,李元昊建立夏朝,唐朝时因位于宋的西部,史称西夏,属于羌族中的党项族,早在唐朝时,党项族就与唐交好,故赐姓李。1227年被蒙古所灭,存在历史短暂,但却拥有自己的文字,语言。从一开始蒙古就有统一天下的野心,尤其在1044年宋夏议和后,宋夏交好,不再相互残杀,致使蒙古不甘心,在夏朝后面几个皇帝继位过程中,蒙古不断进行挑衅,挑拨,但夏经议和后已适应了舒适的生活,不再恋战,而且警惕性下降,终于在1227年被蒙古所灭,等清醒过来为时已晚。后来忽必烈改国号元,实现了大一统,是继秦汉、唐朝以后第三次大统一,各民族相互融合,共同生活,形成了许多新的民族,如回族。像在新华大字典后面不都有年代表吗,但唯独没有西夏的,如果你还想知道更细的内容,最好查找相关历史书,介绍西夏的,有很多相关史料的

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