推荐回答(2个)
外科手术护理常规
2.1 术前护理
2.1.1 遵医嘱完善术前各项检查。
2.1.2 针对患者存在的心理问题做好情志护理。
2.1.3 结合疾病做好健康教育。
2.1.4 术前清洁皮肤,遵医嘱行手术区备皮,做好护理记录。
2.1.5 术前晚遵医嘱给予安神镇静药物,保证患者休息。
2.1.6 术日晨护理
2.1.6.1 遵医嘱放置胃管、尿管,排空膀胱。
2.1.6.2 取下义齿、眼镜和贵重物品,交家属保管。
2.1.6.3 遵医嘱给予术前用药,将病历、X线片、CT片及术中用药等手术用物带入手术室。
2.1.6.4 再次核对患者姓名、床号及手术名称。
2.1.7 根据手术要求准备麻醉床、氧气及监护仪等用物。
2.2 术后护理
2.2.1 术后根据患者病情遵医嘱送入ICU或普通病房。
2.2.2 根据麻醉方式、手术部位和各专科特点决定患者卧位。
2.2.3 病情观察,做好护理记录
2.2.3.1 严密观察生命体征。
2.2.3.2 记录出入量,注意体液平衡。
2.2.3.3 评估肠蠕动功能恢复的情况。
2.2.3.4 禁食期间遵医嘱准确补液,维持水电解质平衡。
2.2.3.5 保持引流管通畅,定时观察引流液的颜色、性质及量。发现异常报告医师,及时处理。
2.2.3.6 定时查看敷料,观察有无出血和分泌物,注意其颜色、性质及量,定期更换,做好记录。
2.2.3.7 评估伤口疼痛的性质、程度、持续时间,分析疼痛原因,遵医嘱用针刺或药物止痛。
2.2.4 针对不同的情绪反应,鼓励患者树立信心,战胜疾病。
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