为什么长城只修到明朝而清朝没有大规模修建?
说具体点?高赏
推荐回答(5个)
明朝以前,除了元代和五代时有北方游牧民族统治外,其余均是由汉族统治。汉族属于农耕民族,经济文化发展快于北方游牧民族,经常受到北方游牧民族的入侵劫掠,故历代汉族政权都会在北方修筑长城,以阻挡游牧民族的骑兵。长城从周朝开始一直修到明朝,元代地域广阔,修长城意义不大,但为了防止汉族和其他民族的反抗、检查过往客商,也对许多关隘险处进行了修缮。 清朝统治者也是北方游牧民族,康熙认为:“ 昔秦兴土石之工,修筑长城。我朝施恩于喀尔喀,使之防备朔方,较长城更为坚固”。这种用人而不是用砖石固边御敌的思想,体现出清朝统治者在制定和实施民族政策的理念方面实现了历史性飞跃。也正是在这种理念的影响下,清朝在民族事务管理和巩固边疆方面实现了“固国不以山川之险”。在实践上突破了历代‘内诸夏外夷狄’的传统观念,从康熙时放弃修长城,破除了2000年的限隔,使得‘中外一家’成为现实,直接为现代中国的版图和多民族国家奠定了基础。
康熙批评了秦始皇修长城,虽然工程浩大,费尽了民力,但是仍然没有保住天下。因此,他便改变了统治的策略,采取了所谓的“怀柔”政策,以拉拢蒙、藏各族的上层王公贵族,利用宗教信仰,用思想统治的办法代替了浩大的长城工程。这从康熙、乾隆时候在承德修建的避暑山庄和规模巨大的喇嘛庙宇以及在承德进行的各种“怀柔”性的政治活动中得到证明。这种性质的喇嘛庙和政治活动在北京、内蒙古各地也比比皆是。施行这样的政策,在当时曾起到了一定的安定团结作用,也受到了朝野上下的拥护。我们从康熙。乾隆过古北口长城的时候,臣子们的奉和诗中可以看出,如像“奉使蒙恬工力拙,过秦贾传论言该。当时北客难游牧,今日南人任往来”。“即论胜国何能守,说到秦人更可嗤。毕竟成城需众志,皇图巩固在于斯”等等。虽是臣子们盛饰华辞,奉承旨意。但从实践证明,清王朝所采取的这一罢修长城、“政治”统治的政策是取得了积极的效果的。
清王朝虽然曾经在东北地区修筑这所谓的“柳条边”来限制牧民的活动,在个别地点利用或修缮过一些古长城来镇压过人民的反抗。但这些情况已与长城原来的作用与意义迥然不同了。
康熙三十四年!蒙古葛尔丹部侵犯大清边境!打到了嘉浴关!幸亏守城将领殊死奋战才保住了!康熙闻讯后!决定视察八达领!在长城上!康熙抚今追昔!感慨万千!遂下令:凡大清国君,当持王道!取民心!练兵马!永不筑长城!
我第一次看《康熙王朝》看到这也被骗了,长城的目的主要是我汉族防御北方异族入侵,满清的北方主要是蒙古族和满族,都是鞑子皇帝自己人,修什么?
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