与诸弟书(节选)

2025-02-13 23:28:01
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

与诸弟书(节选)



曾国藩

诸位贤弟足下:
诸弟在家读书,不审①每日如何用功。余自十月初一立志自新以来,虽懒惰如故,而每
日楷书写日记,每日读史十页,每日记茶余偶谈二则,此三事者,未尝一日间断。十月二十
一日立誓永戒吃水烟,洎②今已两月不吃烟,已习惯成自然矣。予自立课程甚多,惟记茶余
偶谈,读史十页,写日记楷本,此三事者,誓终身不间断也。诸弟每日自立课程,必须有日日不断之功虽行船走路,俱须带在身边。予除此三事外,他课程不必能有成,而此三事者,将终身行之。
盖士人读书,第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。有志则断不敢为下流;有识则知
学问无尽,不敢以一得自足,如河伯之观海,如井蛙之窥天,皆无识者也;有恒则断无不成之事。此三者,缺一不可。诸弟此时惟有识不可以骤几③,至于有志有恒,则诸弟勉之而已。
予身体甚弱,不能苦思,苦思则头晕,不耐久坐,久坐则倦乏。时时属望,惟诸弟而已。兄
国藩手草。道光二十二年十二月二十。

【注释】①审:清楚,明白。②洎至,到。③骤几:很快成功。

20
下列句中加点词的意思不相同的一项是(▲)
A.余自十月初一立志自新以来 自富阳至桐庐一百许里
B.未尝一日间断 尝贻余核舟一
C.虽行船走路 虽我之死,有子存焉
D.不敢以一得自足 得之心而寓之酒也
21.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。
时时属望,惟诸弟而已。
22.从“立誓永戒吃水烟,洎今已两月不吃烟”和“诸弟每日自立课程,必须有日日不断之
功”可以看出曾国藩是一个怎样的人?
参考答案
20 D

21.(我)时刻所期望的,只有几位弟弟罢了。(意对即可)
22
有毅力(坚持不懈)。
对诸弟要求严格(爱诸弟)。

回答2:

弟弟们在家读书,不知道每天是如何用功的?我自十月初一日立志自新以来,虽淤懒惰仍如往日,而每天用楷书写日记,读史书十页,生病在记茶余偶读一则,这三件事,没有间断过一回。十月二十一日,发誓永远戒掉吃水烟,至今已经两个月不吃,习惯成自然了,我自己设的课程很多,只是记茶余偶谈,读史十页,写日记楷本,这三件事,发誓终身不同断。弟弟们每天自己设立课程,必须天天不间断,就是行船走路,也要带在身边。我除这三件事以外,其他课程不一定求其有成,而这三件,将终身实行。
因为士人读书,第一要有志气;第二要有见识;第三要人恒心。有志气就决不甘居下游;有见识就明白学无止境,不敢以一得自满自足,如河伯观海、井蛙窥天,都是无知;有恒心就决没有不成功的事。这三个方面,缺一不可。弟弟们现在只有见识不是马上可以广搏的。至于有志有恒,弟弟勉励吧!我身体很弱,不能若想,苦想便头昏;不能久坐,久坐便倦乏。时刻所盼望的,只有几位弟弟罢了。

回答3:

各位弟弟:\x0d\x0a  你们在家读书,不知道每天是如何用功的?我自十月初一日立志自新以来,虽仍如往日懒惰,而每天用楷书写日记,每天读史书十页,每天记《茶余偶谈》二则,这三件事从来没有一日间断过。十月二十一日,我发誓永远戒掉吸水烟,至今已有两个月不吸水烟,已经习惯成自然了。我自己设的课程很多,唯独是记《茶余偶谈》、读史十页、写日记楷本,这三件事发誓终身不间断。弟弟们每天也应自己设立课程,并且必须天天坚持不要间断,即使是行船走路,都必须带在身边。我除了这三件事以外,其他课程不一定求其有成,而这三件事,我将终身实行。\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a注释:\x0d\x0a  ①审:清楚,明白。\x0d\x0a  ②洎(jì):至,到。

回答4:

盖士人读书,第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。有志则断不敢为下流;有识则知学问无尽,不敢以一得自足,如河伯之观海,如井蛙之窥天,皆无识者也;有恒则断无不成之事。此三者,缺一不可。诸弟此时惟有识不可以骤几③,至于有志有恒,则诸弟勉之而已。予身体甚弱,不能苦思,苦思则头晕,不耐久坐,久坐则倦乏。时时属望,惟诸弟而已。兄国藩手草。道光二十二年十二月二十。

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